A Conserved Motif in Intracellular Loop 1 Stabilizes the Outward-Facing Conformation of TmrAB.

A Conserved Motif in Intracellular Loop 1 Stabilizes the Outward-Facing Conformation of TmrAB.
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细胞内环1中的保守基序稳定了TMRAB的向外构象。

DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2021.166834
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发表时间:
2021-08-06
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Tomasiak TM
Tomasiak TM
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Millan CR;Francis M;Khandelwal NK;Thompson VF;Thaker TM;Tomasiak TM

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ATP结合盒(ABC)转运蛋白家族在几乎所有生物体中跨膜移动小分子(脂质、糖、肽、药物、营养素)。转运活性需要由两个核苷酸结合结构域(NBD)的ATP依赖性二聚化驱动的向内和向外状态之间的构象转换。NBD中ATP结合和水解与跨膜结构域(TMD)中底物结合位点构象变化的联系机制是目前一个悬而未决的问题。在这里,我们使用序列协同进化分析与生物化学表征,以探讨在细胞内环1中的高度保守区域的作用,我们定义为GRD基序在协调结构域重排的异源二聚体肽出口嗜热栖热菌,TmrAB。GRD基序中的突变改变ATP酶活性以及转运。二硫键交联,进化痕迹,和进化偶联分析表明,这些影响可能是由于不稳定的网络,其中GRD基序在TmrA桥的Q-环,X-环,和ABC基序的NBD中的残基在TmrAB肽底物结合位点的残基,从而提供了一个途径构象偶联。我们进一步发现,在TmrA与TmrB的这个网络的中断有不同的功能后果,暗示在异源二聚体ABC转运蛋白延伸超出NBD的内在不对称性。这些结果支持了一种机制,其中GRD基序有助于协调过渡到向外开放的构象,并且转运蛋白的每一半可能在TmrAB的构象循环中发挥不同的作用。
The ATP binding cassette (ABC) family of transporters moves small molecules (lipids, sugars, peptides, drugs, nutrients) across membranes in nearly all organisms. Transport activity requires conformational switching between inward-facing and outward-facing states driven by ATP-dependent dimerization of two nucleotide binding domains (NBDs). The mechanism that connects ATP binding and hydrolysis in the NBDs to conformational changes in a substrate binding site in the transmembrane domains (TMDs) is currently an outstanding question. Here we use sequence coevolution analyses together with biochemical characterization to investigate the role of a highly conserved region in intracellular loop 1 we define as the GRD motif in coordinating domain rearrangements in the heterodimeric peptide exporter from Thermus thermophilus, TmrAB. Mutations in the GRD motif alter ATPase activity as well as transport. Disulfide crosslinking, evolutionary trace, and evolutionary coupling analysis reveal that these effects are likely due to the destabilization of a network in which the GRD motif in TmrA bridges residues of the Q-loop, X-loop, and ABC motif in the NBDs to residues in the TmrAB peptide substrate binding site, thus providing an avenue for conformational coupling. We further find that disruption of this network in TmrA versus TmrB has different functional consequences, hinting at an intrinsic asymmetry in heterodimeric ABC transporters extending beyond that of the NBDs. These results support a mechanism in which the GRD motifs help coordinate a transition to an outward open conformation, and each half of the transporter likely plays a different role in the conformational cycle of TmrAB.
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