Comparative morphology and molecular phylogenetic analysis of three new species of the genus karenia (Dinophyceae) from New Zealand
Comparative morphology and molecular phylogenetic analysis of three new species of the genus karenia (Dinophyceae) from New Zealand
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0022-3646.2004.02-149.x
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发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
MacKenzie, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haywood, AJ;Steidinger, KA;MacKenzie, L
甲藻三新种--乳突海鞘Karenia parilionacea sp.新种Karenia selliformis sp.Nov.和双指卡氏线虫Karenia bidigitata sp.用相同的固定剂与有毒物种米氏小球藻(Karenia mikimotoi(Miyake&Kominami ex Oda)G.Hansen&Moestrup)、短冠小球藻(Karenia brevis(Davis)G.Hansen&Moestrup)和短冠小球藻(Karenia brevisulcata(Chang)G.Hansen&Moestrup)进行了比较。卡列尼亚属的主要形态特征包括光滑的膜和线形的顶端沟槽。根据营养细胞的形态特征，包括细胞核的位置和形状；下胚膜的相对开挖；上皮上顶端和沟槽延伸的特征；细胞的形状、大小和对称性；背腹压缩的程度；以及顶端突起或隆突的存在，可以区分新种。背腹压缩明显的物种以一种独特的扑翼运动游泳。一种横跨扣带近端和远端的环间管状结构是Karenia、Karlodium microrum(Leadbeater&Dodge)J.Larsen、Gymnodium Pulchellum J.Larsen和Gyroddium corsicum Paulmier种所共有的。RDNA序列比对的分子系统发育分析表明，这些新种在系统发育上是不同的，但与K.mikimotoi和K.brevis有密切的亲缘关系。
Three new dinoflagellate species, Karenia papilionacea sp. nov., Karenia selliformis sp. nov., and Karenia bidigitata sp. nov., were compared with the toxic species Karenia mikimotoi (Miyake & Kominami ex Oda) G. Hansen & Moestrup, Karenia brevis (Davis) G. Hansen & Moestrup, and Karenia brevisulcata (Chang) G. Hansen & Moestrup using the same fixative. Distinguishing morphological characters for the genus Karenia included a smooth theca and a linear apical groove. The new species can be distinguished on the basis of morphological characters of vegetative cells that include the location and shape of the nucleus; the relative excavation of the hypotheca; the characteristics of apical and sulcal groove extensions on the epitheca; the cellular shape, size, and symmetry; the degree of dorsoventral compression; and the presence of an apical protrusion or carina. Species with pronounced dorsoventral compression swim in a distinctive fluttering motion. An intercingular tubular structure traversing the proximal and distal ends of the cingulum is common to the species of Karenia, Karlodinium micrum (Leadbeater & Dodge) J. Larsen, Gymnodinium pulchellum J. Larsen, and Gyrodinium corsicum Paulmier. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of rDNA sequence alignments show that the new species are phylogenetically distinct but closely related to K. mikimotoi and K. brevis.