The Potential for Citizen Science to Improve the Reach of Sanitary Inspections
The Potential for Citizen Science to Improve the Reach of Sanitary Inspections
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/resources9120142
复制
发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Herschan;R. King;T. Mkandawire;K. Okurut;D. Lapworth;R. Malcolm;K. Pond
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Herschan;R. King;T. Mkandawire;K. Okurut;D. Lapworth;R. Malcolm;K. Pond
为了实现可持续发展目标6--人人普遍和公平地获得安全和负担得起的饮用水质量和卫生设施，以及10--减少国家内部和国家之间的不平等，需要开展更多和紧迫的工作。尤其需要在饮用水供应最少的情况下努力实现这些目标，因为饮用水供应在进展方面落后得最远。造成这一进展差距的原因包括较远地获得小规模饮用水供应，以及缺乏监测供应的技术和财政能力。世界卫生组织推广使用卫生检查(SI)作为现场风险评估。尽管有可能在一个地区增加关于供应的知识和信息，但关于公民科学和SIS的作用的研究有限。为了实现可持续发展目标，我们需要提高SIS的覆盖范围。本研究采用现场定量的现场SI数据收集和通过摄影图像远程SI数据收集的混合方法，以及由马拉维公民和SI领域专家小组收集的非专家学生收集的定性数据。结果表明，尽管在大规模实施之前需要对这一主题进行进一步研究，但公民有可能进行现场视察，并利用用品的摄影图像对结果进行远程专家核查。还需要进一步的文件或指导，以支持公民参与这一进程。这一结果突出表明，在为无保护的弹簧来源提供适当的文件方面存在着一个严重的缺口，这是迫切需要的。利用公民科学收集SI数据还处于初级阶段。然而，这项研究表明，在这一领域探索公民科学的使用是有潜力的，这将有助于实现可持续发展目标6和10。
To achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 6, universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking-water quality and sanitation for all, and 10, to reduce inequality within and among countries, additional and urgent work is required. Efforts to achieve these Goals in the context of small drinking-water supplies, which are the furthest behind in regards to progress, are of particular need. Reasons for this disparity in progress include the remoteness of access to small drinking-water supplies and the lack of technical and financial capacity for monitoring supplies. The World Health Organization promote the use of Sanitary inspection (SI) as an on-site assessment of risk. Despite the potential to increase the body of knowledge and information on supplies in a region, there has been limited research into the role of citizen science and SIs. To meet SDG targets, we need to improve the reach of SIs. This study uses a mixed methods approach of quantitative on-site SI data collection and remote SI data collection via photographic images, together with qualitative data collection, collected by non-expert students, who are citizens of Malawi, as well as a panel of experts in the field of SI. Results indicate that, although further research into the topic is required prior to widescale implementation, the potential exists for citizens to conduct SI, with remote expert verification of the results using photographic images of supplies. Further documentation or guidance is required to support citizens in this process. The results highlight a critical gap in the availability of appropriate documentation for unprotected spring sources which is urgently required. The use of citizen science for SI data collection is in its infancy. However, this study indicates that there is potential to explore the use of citizen science in this area, which will contribute to achieving SDGs 6 and 10.