School Context Protective Factors Against Peer Ethnic Discrimination Across the High School Years
School Context Protective Factors Against Peer Ethnic Discrimination Across the High School Years
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DOI：
10.1007/s10464-011-9443-0
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Ma, Ting-Lan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bellmore, Amy;Nishina, Adrienne;Ma, Ting-Lan
种族多元化的高中环境为年轻人形成种族间关系提供了独特的社会机会，但也可能使学生面临某些社会挑战，例如同伴种族歧视。以 84 所高中的 1,072 名高中生（55% 女生、54% 拉丁裔、20% 非裔美国人、14% 亚裔、12% 白人）为样本，通过三级分层线性模型对保护学生在高中期间免受同伴种族歧视的学校环境因素进行了调查。连续四年（9-12 年级）的每年春季，都会评估自我报告的同侪种族歧视、学校的跨种族氛围以及感知的学校种族构成。在学校层面，收集了客观的高中种族构成数据。研究发现，高中时期的同侪种族歧视略有下降。除了这种下降之外，对学校跨种族氛围以及客观和感知的种族多数地位的更积极看法预示着同侪种族歧视程度较低。总而言之，结果强调了学校种族背景的客观（例如种族构成）和主观（例如种族间气候）方面对学生高中社会经历的重要性。
Ethnically diverse high school contexts present unique social opportunities for youth to form interethnic relationships, but they may also subject students to certain social challenges such as peer ethnic discrimination. With a sample of 1,072 high school students (55% girls; 54% Latino, 20% African American, 14% Asian, 12% White) attending 84 high schools, school context factors that protect students' exposure to peer ethnic discrimination across the high school years were investigated with a three-level hierarchical linear model. Each spring for four consecutive years (grades 9-12), self-reported peer ethnic discrimination, interracial climate at school, and perceived school ethnic composition were assessed. At the school level, objective high school ethnic composition data were collected. Peer ethnic discrimination was found to decline slightly across the high school years. Above and beyond this decline, more positive perceptions of the school interracial climate and both objective and perceived numerical ethnic majority status predicted lower levels of peer ethnic discrimination. Taken together, the results highlight the significance of both objective (e.g., ethnic composition) and subjective (e.g., interracial climate) aspects of the school ethnic context to students' high school social experiences.