Skilled actions: a task-dynamic approach.
Skilled actions: a task-dynamic approach.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/0033-295x.94.1.84
复制
发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
E. Saltzman;J. Kelso
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Saltzman;J. Kelso
开发一种任务动态方法来实现多自由度效应器系统的熟练运动，其中在功能定义的动态框架内指定特定于任务的自主动作单元。任务之间的定性区别（例如，身体保持稳定的垂直姿势或手到达单个空间目标与循环垂直跳跃或两个空间目标之间的重复手部运动）是通过在抽象任务空间（或工作空间）描述级别定义的动态拓扑（例如，点吸引子与极限环动力学）之间的相应区别来捕获的。该方法为熟练动作的几个标志性属性提供了统一的解释：轨迹塑造（例如，手在不受干扰的范围内沿着近似直线移动）和即时补偿（例如，如果给定部分在到达目标的途中受到干扰，则整个效应器系统会发生自发调整）。这些属性被视为任务潜在动态的隐含结果，不需要显式的轨迹计划或重新规划程序。推导出任务动力学的两个版本（控制律、网络耦合）作为人工（机器人、假肢）系统中可能的控制和协调方法，并探索网络耦合版本作为生物学相关的控制方案。（83 参考）（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2016 APA，保留所有权利）
Develops a task-dynamic approach to skilled movements of multi-degree-of-freedom effector systems in which task-specific, autonomous action units are specified within a functionally defined dynamical framework. Qualitative distinctions among tasks (eg, the body maintaining a steady vertical posture or the hand reaching to a single spatial target vs cyclic vertical hopping or repetitive hand motion between 2 spatial targets) are captured by corresponding distinctions among dynamical topologies (eg, point attractor vs limit cycle dynamics) defined at an abstract task space (or work space) level of description. The approach provides a unified account for several signature properties of skilled actions: trajectory shaping (eg, hands move along approximately straight lines during unperturbed reaches) and immediate compensation (eg, spontaneous adjustments occur over an entire effector system if a given part is disturbed en route to a goal). These properties are viewed as implicit consequences of a task's underlying dynamics and do not require explicit trajectory plans or replanning procedures. Two versions of task dynamics are derived (control law, network coupling) as possible methods of control and coordination in artificial (robotic, prosthetic) systems, and the network coupling version is explored as a biologically relevant control scheme.(83 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)