Optimal Cross-Wind Towing and Power Generation with Tethered Kites
Optimal Cross-Wind Towing and Power Generation with Tethered Kites
复制标题
系留风筝的最佳侧风牵引和发电
DOI：
10.2514/1.30089
复制
发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
W. Ockels
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Williams;B. Lansdorp;W. Ockels
像风筝这样的无动力飞行工具可以提供一种通过绳索将风能从更高的高度传输到地面的方法。虽然已经有很多关于从高海拔地区提取风能的系统的建议，但本文的重点是使用系绳末端的轻型提升体来产生有用的能量。研究了两种主要配置：1)风筝用于在横风向牵引地面车辆，2)风筝使用地面发电机飞行以产生电力。在这两种情况下，风筝所做的有用功都是通过系绳传递到地面的。这两种应用都需要对风筝进行自动控制。采用简化的系统模型研究了不同风速下系统最优轨迹的性质。数值结果表明，最优发电需要复杂的三维风筝轨迹，而横风牵引需要简单得多的轨迹。提出了一种反馈跟踪控制器，用于在不稳定风的情况下跟踪风筝的轨迹。
Non-powered flight vehicles such as kites can provide a means of transmitting wind energy from higher altitudes to the ground via tethers. Although there have been many proposals for systems to extract wind energy from higher altitudes, this paper focuses on the use of a light lifting body at the end of a tether to generate useful power. Two major configurations are studied: 1) the kite is used to tow a ground vehicle in the cross-wind direction, 2) the kite is flown to generate power using a ground generator. In both cases, the useful work done by the kite is transmitted to the ground through the tether. Both applications require automatic control of the kite. A simplified system model is used to study the nature of the optimal trajectories of the system for different wind speeds. Numerical results illustrate that optimal power generation requires complex three-dimensional kite trajectories, whereas cross-wind towing requires much simpler trajectories. A feedback tracking controller is demonstrated for tracking the kite trajectories in the presence of unsteady winds.