Neuropeptide B Induces Slow Wave Sleep in Mice
Neuropeptide B Induces Slow Wave Sleep in Mice
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DOI：
10.1093/sleep/34.1.31
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Yamanaka, Akihiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hirashima, Noriko;Tsunematsu, Tomomi;Yamanaka, Akihiro
研究目的：神经肽B（NPB）和神经肽W（NPW）是最近鉴定的两种神经肽，其充当孤儿G蛋白偶联受体GPR7和GPR8的内源性配体。在啮齿类动物中，GPR8直系同源物不存在，NPB和NPW都仅通过GPR7发挥功能。虽然NPW和NPW有牵连的调节摄食行为，内分泌功能，和疼痛的感觉，他们的生理作用是不完全understood.Design：NPB或生理盐水被管理到侧脑室的小鼠在光明和黑暗的时期。在单独的实验中，在脑室内（i.c.v.）后记录自发运动活动或EEG和EMG。注射为了确认GPR7参与NPB诱导的反应，GPR7基因敲除小鼠也进行i.c.v. injections.测量和结果：NPB注射减少运动活动在黑暗时期，但不是在光周期。自由活动小鼠的EEG和EMG记录显示，NPB注射减少了在清醒状态下花费的时间，并增加了在黑暗期间慢波睡眠（SWS）中花费的时间。在异相睡眠中花费的时间不受影响。NPB诱导的SWS的光谱功率与生理SWS的光谱功率没有区别。结论：NPB通过GPR7介导生理性SWS，NPB和GPR7可能在调节睡眠和觉醒的发生中起作用。
Study Objective: Neuropeptide B (NPB) and neuropeptide W (NPW) are two recently identified neuropeptides that act as endogenous ligands to orphan G protein coupled receptors, GPR7 and GPR8. In rodents, the GPR8 ortholog is absent and both NPB and NPW function exclusively through GPR7. Although NPW and NPW are implicated in the regulation of feeding behaviour, endocrine function, and pain sensation, their physiological role is incompletely understood.Design: NPB or saline was administered into the lateral ventricle of mice during both the light and dark periods. In separate experiments, spontaneous locomotor activity or EEG and EMG were recorded after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.). injection. To confirm the involvement of GPR7 in NPB-induced responses, GPR7 knockout mice were also subjected to i.c.v. injections.Measurements and Results: NPB injections reduced locomotor activity during the dark period, but not during the light period. EEG and EMG recordings in freely moving mice revealed that NPB injection decreased the time spent in the waking state and increased the time spent in slow wave sleep (SWS) during the dark period. The time spent in paradoxical sleep was unaffected. The spectral power of NPB-induced SWS was indistinguishable from that of physiological SWS. The NPB-induced increase in SWS was not observed in GPR7 knockout mice.Conclusion: These results suggest that NPB induced physiological SWS through GPR7 and that NPB and GPR7 may have a role in modulating the occurrence of sleep and wakefulness.