Centred and staggered arrangements of tidal turbines
Centred and staggered arrangements of tidal turbines
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DOI：
10.1017/jfm.2013.593
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nishino, T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Draper, S.;Nishino, T.
在本文中，我们扩展了线性动量作动器圆盘理论，以考虑两排放置在中心或交错排列的潮汐涡轮机。扩展假设行与行之间的顺流间距足以实现压力均衡，但对于第二行之前上游涡轮尾迹的显著混合来说又不是太大。我们首先考虑潮汐通道中给定数量的涡轮机；在这种情况下，发现交错排列在两排上的平均功率高于中心排列，但低于将所有涡轮机并排放置在一排（如果所有涡轮机具有相同的局部阻力）所能获得的功率。此外，交错排列比集中排列更有效地提取能量，但比具有相同数量涡轮机的单排效率低，这意味着潮汐涡轮机不同排列的排序。我们还使用扩展的执行器盘模型（连同尺度分离的论点）来考虑横向无约束流中潮汐涡轮机的一些示例布置。具体来说，研究表明，局部错开固定数量的涡轮机阵列来形成潮汐农场比将相同数量的涡轮机并排放置产生的功率更小。然而，如果采用多排涡轮机（也许是为了保持农场空间紧凑），那么一排内的最佳涡轮机间距随着第二排的增加而显着增加。这一趋势表明，与现有的海上风力发电场类似，多排潮汐涡轮机发电场需要在每排之间较大的涡轮机间距，以使每个涡轮机的功率最大化。
In this paper we extend linear momentum actuator disc theory to consider two rows of tidal turbines placed in a centred or staggered arrangement. The extensions assume a streamwise spacing between rows that is sufficient for pressure equalization, but is not too large for significant mixing of the upstream turbine wake before the second row. We first consider a given number of turbines in a tidal channel; in this case the average power for a staggered arrangement over two rows is found to be higher than that for a centred arrangement, but lower than can be obtained by placing all turbines side-by-side in one row (if all turbines have the same local resistance). Furthermore, staggered arrangements extract power more efficiently than centred arrangements, but less efficiently than a single row with the same number of turbines, and this has implications for ranking different arrangements of tidal turbines. We also use the extended actuator disc models (together with an argument of scale separation) to consider some example arrangements of tidal turbines in laterally unconfined flow. Specifically, it is shown that locally staggering a fixed number of turbines in an array to form a tidal farm generates less power than placing the same number of turbines side-by-side. However, if more than one row of turbines is adopted (perhaps to keep the farm spatially compact) then the optimum turbine spacing within a row increases significantly with addition of a second row. This trend suggests that multi-row tidal turbine farms would require wide turbine spacing within each row to maximize the power per turbine, similarly to existing offshore wind farms.