The Development of Multisensory Integration in High-Functioning Autism: High-Density Electrical Mapping and Psychophysical Measures Reveal Impairments in the Processing of Audiovisual Inputs
The Development of Multisensory Integration in High-Functioning Autism: High-Density Electrical Mapping and Psychophysical Measures Reveal Impairments in the Processing of Audiovisual Inputs
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhs109
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发表时间：
2013-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Molholm, Sophie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brandwein, Alice B.;Foxe, John J.;Molholm, Sophie
听觉和视觉输入的成功整合对于基本知觉功能和与社会认知相关的高级过程都是至关重要的。自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)以社会认知障碍为特征，并与感觉和知觉过程的异常有关。几个团体报告说，自闭症患者整合社会相关视听(AV)信息的能力受到损害，有人认为这是自闭症患者观察到的更高级别的社会和认知缺陷的原因之一。然而，听觉和视觉输入的成功整合也会影响对非社会刺激的检测和感知，整合缺陷可能会损害信息加工的早期阶段，从而产生连锁的下游效应。为了评估基本房室整合的完整性，我们记录了一组高功能ASD儿童(716岁)的高密度电生理，同时他们进行了简单的房室反应时间任务。患有自闭症的儿童表现出对多感觉输入的行为易化程度相当低，这种缺陷与效率较低的神经整合平行。早在100ms刺激后，就有证据表明ASD儿童在处理与正常发育儿童相关的差异时，依赖不同的大脑皮层网络。
Successful integration of auditory and visual inputs is crucial for both basic perceptual functions and for higher-order processes related to social cognition. Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by impairments in social cognition and are associated with abnormalities in sensory and perceptual processes. Several groups have reported that individuals with ASD are impaired in their ability to integrate socially relevant audiovisual (AV) information, and it has been suggested that this contributes to the higher-order social and cognitive deficits observed in ASD. However, successful integration of auditory and visual inputs also influences detection and perception of nonsocial stimuli, and integration deficits may impair earlier stages of information processing, with cascading downstream effects. To assess the integrity of basic AV integration, we recorded high-density electrophysiology from a cohort of high-functioning children with ASD (716 years) while they performed a simple AV reaction time task. Children with ASD showed considerably less behavioral facilitation to multisensory inputs, deficits that were paralleled by less effective neural integration. Evidence for processing differences relative to typically developing children was seen as early as 100 ms poststimulation, and topographic analysis suggested that children with ASD relied on different cortical networks during this early multisensory processing stage.