Selection of tannins by sheep in response to gastrointestinal nematode infection.
Selection of tannins by sheep in response to gastrointestinal nematode infection.
复制标题
绵羊针对胃肠道线虫感染选择单宁。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
L. Lisonbee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Juan J. Villalba;F. D. Provenza;Jeffery O. Hall;L. Lisonbee
食草动物学会选择减弱植物次生代谢物（PSM）的厌恶作用的化合物，但是当这些PSM提供药用效果时，它们是否可以增加它们通常避免的PSM的摄入量？我们假设食草动物在经历胃肠道寄生虫感染时学会增加含PSM饲料的摄入量。10只羔羊与自然胃肠道寄生虫负担（PB）和10 nonparasitized羔羊（NP）提供了一个选择的苜蓿（紫花苜蓿）和苜蓿混合10%的白坚木单宁（Schinopsis quebracho科罗拉多;苜蓿：单宁）之前和之后，他们的条件与单宁的消化后的影响。偏好苜蓿：单宁没有组之间的差异之前，经历的摄入后的影响单宁（P = 0.85）或当寄生虫负载终止由于伊维菌素（P = 0.18）。与此相反，当测试与寄生虫负担，羔羊在PB消耗更多的苜蓿：单宁（P = 0.08），表现出更大的偏好苜蓿：单宁（P = 0.07），并消耗较少的苜蓿比羔羊在NP（P = 0.06）。摄入单宁的羔羊在PB其次是减少粪便鸡蛋计数（FEC; P = 0.006），并有一个直接的比例关系之间的偏好苜蓿：单宁和FEC（P = 0.07）。总之，被寄生的羔羊在经历寄生虫负担时增加了苜蓿单宁的摄入量，这表明它们用单宁自我治疗寄生虫。PSM的自我选择有影响的替代药物预防的治疗和福祉的寄生野生动物和家畜放牧牧场和禁闭的追求。
Herbivores learn to select compounds that attenuate the aversive effects of plant secondary metabolites (PSM), but can they increase intake of PSM they typically avoid when these PSM provide medicinal effects? We hypothesized that herbivores learn to increase intake of PSM-containing feeds when experiencing a gastrointestinal parasitic infection. Ten lambs with natural gastrointestinal parasitic burdens (PB) and 10 nonparasitized lambs (NP) were offered a choice of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and alfalfa mixed with 10% quebracho tannin (Schinopsis quebracho-colorado; alfalfa:tannins) before and after they were conditioned with the postingestive effects of tannins. Preference for alfalfa:tannins did not differ between groups before experiencing the postingestive effects of tannins (P = 0.85) or when parasite loads were terminated due to the administration of ivermectin (P = 0.18). In contrast, when tested with a parasite burden, lambs in PB consumed more alfalfa:tannins (P = 0.08), showed greater preference for alfalfa:tannins (P = 0.07), and consumed less alfalfa than lambs in NP (P = 0.06). Ingestion of tannins by lambs in PB was followed by reduced fecal egg counts (FEC; P = 0.006), and there was a direct proportional relationship between preference for alfalfa:tannins and FEC (P = 0.07). In summary, parasitized lambs increased their intake of alfalfa:tannins when they experienced a parasite burden, which suggests they self-medicated with tannins against parasites. Self-selection of PSM has implications for the quest for alternatives to chemoprophylaxis in the treatment and well-being of parasitized wild and domestic animals grazing in pasturelands and in confinement.