Sexual orientation, substance use behaviors and substance dependence in the United States
Sexual orientation, substance use behaviors and substance dependence in the United States
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02596.x
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Boyd, Carol J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCabe, Sean Esteban;Hughes, Tonda L.;Boyd, Carol J.
目的评估过去一年在性取向的三个主要维度上的物质使用行为和物质依赖的患病率（身份，吸引力和行为）在一个大的国家样本的成年妇女和男子在美国。设计数据收集结构化诊断面对面访谈使用酒精使用障碍和相关残疾访谈时间表DSM-IV版本IV（AUDADIS-IV）.设定患病率估计值基于2004-2005年（第2波）全国酒精及相关疾病流行病学调查（NESARC）收集的数据。52%女性，71%白色，12%西班牙裔，11%非洲裔美国人，4%亚洲人和2%美洲原住民。FindingsApproximately 2%的人口自我认同为女同性恋，男同性恋或双性恋; 4%报告至少有一个终身同性性伴侣和6%报告同性性吸引力。虽然非异性恋取向通常与物质使用和物质依赖的风险较高相关，但大多数性少数受访者没有报告物质使用或符合DSM-IV物质依赖的标准。有相当大的变化，在物质使用的结果跨性取向的尺寸，这些变化是更明显的女性比男性之间。ConclusionsResults支持以前的研究结果，一些性少数群体之间的物质使用和物质依赖的风险增加，并指出需要研究，探讨这种差异的原因。研究结果还强调了重要的性别差异，并质疑先前的研究结果，即性少数群体中药物依赖的风险普遍较高。风险似乎因性别和性取向的定义而异。研究结果对更有效的预防和干预工作具有重要意义，这些工作针对风险最大的亚组。
AimsTo assess past-year prevalence rates of substance use behaviors and substance dependence across three major dimensions of sexual orientation (identity, attraction and behavior) in a large national sample of adult women and men in the United States.DesignData were collected from structured diagnostic face-to-face interviews using the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule DSM-IV version IV (AUDADIS-IV).SettingPrevalence estimates were based on data collected from the 2004-2005 (wave 2) National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC).ParticipantsA large national sample of 34 653 adults aged 20 years and older: 52% female, 71% white, 12% Hispanic, 11% African American, 4% Asian and 2% Native American.FindingsApproximately 2% of the population self-identified as lesbian, gay or bisexual; 4% reported at least one life-time same-sex sexual partner and 6% reported same-sex sexual attraction. Although non-heterosexual orientation was generally associated with a higher risk of substance use and substance dependence, the majority of sexual minority respondents did not report substance use or meet criteria for DSM-IV substance dependence. There was considerable variation in substance use outcomes across sexual orientation dimensions; these variations were more pronounced among women than among men.ConclusionsResults support previous research findings of heightened risk of substance use and substance dependence among some sexual minority groups and point to the need for research that examines the reasons for such differences. Results also highlight important gender differences and question previous findings indicating uniformly higher risk for substance dependence among sexual minorities. Risks appear to vary based on gender and how sexual orientation is defined. Findings have implications for more effective prevention and intervention efforts that target subgroups at greatest risk.