The great efficacy of personal and equipment assistance in reducing disability
The great efficacy of personal and equipment assistance in reducing disability
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.87.3.384
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发表时间：
1997-03-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Madans, JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Verbrugge, LM;Rennert, C;Madans, JH
目标。人员和设备援助是减少残疾的常见战略。这项研究试图确定援助减少甚至完全解决日常任务中与健康相关的困难的频率。数据来自NHANES I流行病学随访研究。年龄在35岁到90岁之间的成年人报告说，在没有帮助的情况下，他们很难独立完成12项日常任务。那些说他们有很大困难或没有能力的人被问到他们是否有个人援助和/或设备援助，以及他们在援助方面的困难程度。通过性别、年龄、内在(无援助)难度和援助类型对援助的使用和有效性进行研究。大多数人在这12项任务中使用辅助；上肢和身体转移任务使用的主要类型是“仅个人辅助”；在下肢任务中，“仅使用设备”排在第一位。援助减少了绝大多数人的困难(75%到85%)，完全解决了大约25%的困难。设备只是减少和解决限制的最有效的策略。设备的成功可能是因为当人们自己完成援助时，人们获得了更大的感知收益。
Objectives. Personal and equipment assistance are common strategies to reduce disability. This study sought to determine how often assistance reduces or even completely resolves health-related difficulties in everyday tasks.Methods. Data are from the NHANES I Epidemiologic Followup Study. Adults aged 35 to 90 reported difficulty doing 12 everyday tasks on their own without assistance. Those stating that they had much difficulty or were unable were asked if they had personal assistance and/or equipment assistance, and their degree of difficulty with assistance. Use and efficacy of assistance are studied by gender, age, intrinsic (unassisted) degree of difficulty, and type of assistance.Results. Most people use assistance for the 12 tasks; ''personal assistance only'' is the principal type used for upper-extremity and body transfer tasks; ''equipment only'' ranks first for lower-extremity tasks. Assistance reduces difficulty for the great majority of persons (75% to 85%) and completely resolves difficulty for about 25%. Equipment only proves to be the most efficacious strategy for reducing and resolving limitations.Conclusions. Equipment's success may be due to greater perceived gains when people accomplish the assistance by themselves.