Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Smoke-free Policy in Philadelphia Public Housing.
Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Smoke-free Policy in Philadelphia Public Housing.
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DOI：
10.18001/trs.3.2.7
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Mallya, Giridhar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Klassen, Ann C;Lee, Nora L;Mallya, Giridhar
目的：多单元住房环境仍然是二手烟(SHS)暴露的重要来源，特别是对于补贴住房中的弱势群体。在美国最大的执行无烟政策的住房管理机构费城，我们测量了政策制定和实施期间居民吸烟相关行为和态度的基线，以及空气中尼古丁的纵向暴露。方法：在4个社区，我们收集了2013、2014和2016年全面无烟政策出台前后的数据，访谈了172户家庭，并监测了非吸烟家庭和公共区域的空气尼古丁。用多水平模型估计了不同年份的平均尼古丁水平差异。只有37%的家庭是无烟的，另有41%的家庭根据地区或一天中的时间限制吸烟。在政策实施前后，可检测到尼古丁的地点数量没有变化，大约20%的无烟家庭和70%-80%的公共区域有可检测到的尼古丁。然而，在政策实施后的2016年，公共区域的尼古丁水平低于2013年和2014年(-0.19杯/立方米，p=0.03)。结论：研究结果表明，最初的政策实施与费城SHS暴露的减少有关。随着HUD加强无烟政策，SHS监测可用于教育利益相关者并为政策执行建立支持。
OBJECTIVES: Multi-unit housing environments remain significant sources of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, especially for vulnerable populations in subsidized housing. In Philadelphia, the largest US housing authority to implement smoke-free policies, we measured baseline resident smoking-related behaviors and attitudes, and longitudinal exposures to airborne nicotine, during policy development and implementation.METHODS: In 4 communities, we collected data in 2013, 2014, and 2016, before and after introduction of comprehensive smoke-free policies, interviewing persons in 172 households, and monitoring air-borne nicotine in non-smoking homes and public areas. Average nicotine level differences across years were estimated with multi-level models.RESULTS: Fifty-six percent of respondents smoked. Only 37% of households were smoke-free, with another 41% restricting smoking by area or time of day. The number of locations with detectable nicotine did not differ before and after policy implementation, with approximately 20% of non-smoking homes and 70%-80% of public areas having detectable nicotine. However, public area nicotine levels were lower in 2016, after policy implementation, than in 2013 and 2014 (-0.19 mug/m3, p = .03).CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that initial policy implementation was associated with reduced SHS exposure in Philadelphia. As HUD strengthens smoke-free policies, SHS monitoring can be useful to educate stakeholders and build support for policy enforcement.