Particulate matter air pollution and respiratory symptoms in individuals having either asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a European multicentre panel study.
Particulate matter air pollution and respiratory symptoms in individuals having either asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a European multicentre panel study.
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哮喘或慢性阻塞性肺部疾病的个体中的空气污染和呼吸道症状：欧洲多中心小组研究。
DOI：
10.1186/1476-069x-11-75
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发表时间：
2012-10-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Katsouyanni K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Karakatsani A;Analitis A;Perifanou D;Ayres JG;Harrison RM;Kotronarou A;Kavouras IG;Pekkanen J;Hämeri K;Kos GP;de Hartog JJ;Hoek G;Katsouyanni K
颗粒物空气污染与不利的健康影响有关。对所观察到的健康影响负有主要责任的环境颗粒的比例仍然是一个有争议的问题。更好地表征与健康相关的颗粒物分数将对空气质量政策产生重大影响，因为它将确定应控制哪些来源。RUPIOH研究是一项由欧盟资助的多中心研究，旨在检查四个欧洲城市（阿姆斯特丹，雅典，伯明翰，赫尔辛基）各种环境颗粒指标的分布，并根据详细的暴露评估评估其对哮喘或COPD参与者的健康影响。在本文中，中心站点测量与呼吸道症状和活动限制的关联进行了检查。在每个中心，一组患有哮喘或COPD的参与者在日记中记录呼吸道症状和活动限制，持续6个月。暴露评估包括在一个中心地点同时测量粗颗粒、细颗粒和超细颗粒。还收集了关于气体污染物的数据。空气污染指数的24小时平均浓度与健康结果的关系是在一个层次模型的方法进行评估。控制潜在混杂因素的城市特异性分析之后是荟萃分析，以提供总体效果估计。前一天粗颗粒物浓度增加10 μg/m3与大多数症状（平均增加0.6 - 0.7%）和行走受限呈正相关（OR= 1.076，95%CI：1.026-1.128）。当天、前一天和前两天的臭氧浓度与咳嗽呈正相关（OR分别为1.061，95%CI：1.013-1.111; OR= 1.049，95%CI：1.016-1.083和OR= 1.059，95%CI：1.027-1.091）。未观察到细颗粒物浓度、二氧化氮和呼吸道健康影响之间存在一致的相关性。至于颗粒数浓度，观察到与大多数症状的负相关性（在标称水平下大多不显著），而与活动受限的正相关性未达到标称显著性水平。观察到的与粗颗粒的相关性与毒理学研究结果一致。它们共同表明，除了细颗粒外，还应谨慎地管制粗颗粒。
Particulate matter air pollution has been associated with adverse health effects. The fraction of ambient particles that are mainly responsible for the observed health effects is still a matter of controversy. Better characterization of the health relevant particle fraction will have major implications for air quality policy since it will determine which sources should be controlled. The RUPIOH study, an EU-funded multicentre study, was designed to examine the distribution of various ambient particle metrics in four European cities (Amsterdam, Athens, Birmingham, Helsinki) and assess their health effects in participants with asthma or COPD, based on a detailed exposure assessment. In this paper the association of central site measurements with respiratory symptoms and restriction of activities is examined. At each centre a panel of participants with either asthma or COPD recorded respiratory symptoms and restriction of activities in a diary for six months. Exposure assessment included simultaneous measurements of coarse, fine and ultrafine particles at a central site. Data on gaseous pollutants were also collected. The associations of the 24-hour average concentrations of air pollution indices with the health outcomes were assessed in a hierarchical modelling approach. A city specific analysis controlling for potential confounders was followed by a meta-analysis to provide overall effect estimates. A 10 μg/m3 increase in previous day coarse particles concentrations was positively associated with most symptoms (an increase of 0.6 to 0.7% in average) and limitation in walking (OR= 1.076, 95% CI: 1.026-1.128). Same day, previous day and previous two days ozone concentrations were positively associated with cough (OR= 1.061, 95% CI: 1.013-1.111; OR= 1.049, 95% CI: 1.016-1.083 and OR= 1.059, 95% CI: 1.027-1.091, respectively). No consistent associations were observed between fine particle concentrations, nitrogen dioxide and respiratory health effects. As for particle number concentrations negative association (mostly non-significant at the nominal level) was observed with most symptoms whilst the positive association with limitation of activities did not reach the nominal level of significance. The observed associations with coarse particles are in agreement with the findings of toxicological studies. Together they suggest it is prudent to regulate also coarse particles in addition to fine particles.