Effects of walking speed, strength and range of motion on gait stability in healthy older adults.
Effects of walking speed, strength and range of motion on gait stability in healthy older adults.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.08.002
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发表时间：
2008-10-20
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Dingwell, Jonathan B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kang, Hyun G.;Dingwell, Jonathan B.
福尔斯对65岁以上的人来说是一个巨大的风险，大多数福尔斯发生在运动过程中。老年人通常走得较慢，许多人认为这有助于提高行走的稳定性。虽然增加的步态变异性预示着未来的跌倒风险，但增加的变异性也是由行走速度较慢引起的。因此，我们需要更好地了解年龄和步行速度的差异如何独立地影响步行过程中的动态稳定性。我们调查了老年人是否通过走得慢来改善动态稳定性，以及腿部力量和柔韧性（被动ROM）如何影响这种关系。18名活跃的健康老年人和17名健康的年轻人在跑步机上以5种速度（80 - 120%的首选速度）各行走5分钟。局部发散指数和最大Floquet乘数（FM）进行了计算，以量化每个主题的固有的局部动态稳定性。老年受试者以与年轻受试者相同的首选步行速度行走（p = 0.860）。然而，这些老年人在所有步行速度下仍表现出比年轻人更大的局部发散指数（p <0.0001）和更高的最大FM（p <0.007）。这些老年人即使在调整了力量和活动度的下降后，局部仍然更不稳定（p <0.04）。在两个年龄组中，局部发散指数在较慢的速度下下降，在较快的速度下增加（p <0.0001）。最大FM随速度的变化相似（p <0.02）。年轻人和老年人都表现出减少不稳定的步行速度较慢，尽管增加了可变性。这些动态不稳定性的增加可能比步态变异性的变化更敏感地指示未来跌倒风险。
Falls pose a tremendous risk to those over 65 and most falls occur during locomotion. Older adults commonly walk slower, which many believe helps improve walking stability. While increased gait variability predicts future fall risk, increased variability is also caused by walking slower. Thus, we need to better understand how differences in age and walking speed independently affect dynamic stability during walking. We investigated if older adults improved their dynamic stability by walking slower, and how leg strength and flexibility (passive ROM) affected this relationship. Eighteen active healthy older and 17 healthy younger adults walked on a treadmill for 5 minutes each at each of 5 speeds (80-120% of preferred). Local divergence exponents and maximum Floquet multipliers (FM) were calculated to quantify each subject’s inherent local dynamic stability. The older subjects walked with the same preferred walking speeds as the younger subjects (p = 0.860). However, these older adults still exhibited greater local divergence exponents (p<0.0001) and higher maximum FM (p<0.007) than the young adults at all walking speeds. These older adults remained more locally unstable (p<0.04) even after adjusting for declines in both strength and ROM. In both age groups, local divergence exponents decreased at slower speeds and increased at faster speeds (p<0.0001). Maximum FM showed similar changes with speed (p<0.02). Both younger and older adults exhibited decreased instability by walking slower, in spite of increased variability. These increases in dynamic instability might be more sensitive indicators of future fall risk than changes in gait variability.
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Dingwell, Jonathan B.;Kang Hyun Gu;Marin, Laura C.
通讯作者：
Marin, Laura C.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Donelan, JM;Shipman, DW;Kuo, AD
通讯作者：
Kuo, AD
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Dingwell, JB;Marin, LC
通讯作者：
Marin, LC
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Dean, J. C.;Alexander, N. B.;Kuo, A. D.
通讯作者：
Kuo, A. D.
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Kerrigan, DC;Lee, LW;Lipsitz, LA
通讯作者：
Lipsitz, LA