Impacts of Man-Made Landscape Features on Numbers of Estuarine Waterbirds at Low Tide
Impacts of Man-Made Landscape Features on Numbers of Estuarine Waterbirds at Low Tide
复制标题
人工景观特征对退潮时河口水鸟数量的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
M. Rehfisch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Burton;M. Armitage;A. Musgrove;M. Rehfisch
摘要
利用潮间带泥滩越冬水鸟的人类干扰的潜在影响被认为是由它们的数量附近的人行道，公路，铁路和城镇的存在。从湿地鸟类调查低潮计数计划中获得了6个英国河口的数据。从11月至2月每月进行计数，1992-1993年至1999-2000年期间每个河口平均有2.8年的数据。利用地理信息系统绘制了人工景观特征的数量和位置。广义线性模型测试鸟类数量是否根据河口，月份，面积，是否部分接壤的水，以及每个部分的比例在指定的距离内的每个景观功能。此外，还考虑了路段与最近的人行道入口的接近程度。数量的6个9种，北方麻鸭（Tadorna tadorna），红结（Calidris canutus），dunlin（Calidris alpina），黑尾金丝雀（Limosa limosa），欧亚杓鹬（Numenius arquata）和普通红脚鹬（Tringa totanus），显着较低的人行道接近计数部分，而布兰特（Branta bernicla）的更大。北方的麻鸭、黑腹滨普洛弗（Pluvialis squaquarola）、邓林鸟和黑尾鹬的数量在靠近铁路的地方减少，而普通环斑滨普洛弗（Charadrius hiaticula）、黑腹滨普洛弗和欧亚杓鹬的数量在靠近公路的地方减少。普通环斑普洛弗的数量在城镇附近更大。物种的相对距离受到人行道的影响，对应于已公布的信息，关于他们的飞行距离，以应对人类干扰。这项研究提供的证据表明，持续的干扰与人行道，道路和铁路降低了当地的栖息地质量的水鸟和河口的承载能力。
Abstract
The potential impact of human disturbance on wintering waterbirds using intertidal mudflats was considered by relating their numbers to the presence of nearby footpaths, roads, railroads, and towns. Data were obtained for six English estuaries from the Wetland Bird Survey Low Tide Count scheme. Counts were undertaken monthly from November to February, and data were available for an average of 2.8 years per estuary for the period 1992–1993 to 1999–2000. Count sections and the positions of man-made landscape features were mapped using a GIS. Generalized linear models tested whether bird numbers varied according to the estuary, month, area, whether or not the section bordered water, and the proportion of each section within a specified distance of each landscape feature. In addition, the proximity of sections to the nearest footpath access point was considered. Numbers of six of nine species, northern shelduck (Tadorna tadorna), red knot (Calidris canutus), dunlin (Calidris alpina), black-tailed godwit (Limosa limosa), Eurasian curlew (Numenius arquata) and common redshank (Tringa totanus), were significantly lower where a footpath was close to a count section, while those of brant (Branta bernicla) were greater. Northern shelduck, black-bellied plover (Pluvialis squatarola), dunlin, and black-tailed godwit numbers were reduced close to railroads and those of common ringed plover (Charadrius hiaticula), black-bellied plover, and Eurasian curlew close to roads. Common ringed plover numbers were greater close to towns. The relative distances to which species were affected by footpaths corresponded to published information concerning their flight distances in response to human disturbance. The study provided evidence that sustained disturbance associated with footpaths, roads, and railroads reduced local habitat quality for waterbirds and the carrying capacity of estuaries.