Cophylogeny and convergence shape holobiont evolution in sponge–microbe symbioses
Cophylogeny and convergence shape holobiont evolution in sponge–microbe symbioses
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DOI：
10.1038/s41559-022-01712-3
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发表时间：
2022-04
影响因子：
16.8
通讯作者：
M. Sabrina Pankey;D. Plachetzki;K. Macartney;M. Gastaldi;M. Slattery;D. Gochfeld;M. Lesser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Sabrina Pankey;D. Plachetzki;K. Macartney;M. Gastaldi;M. Slattery;D. Gochfeld;M. Lesser
海绵的共生微生物群落具有重要的功能，这些功能自其起源以来就塑造了珊瑚礁生态系统的演变。海绵之间的共生体丰度差异很大，许多物种被归类为低微生物丰度（LMA）或高微生物丰度（HMA），但这些共生状态的进化动力学仍然未知。本研究探讨了LMA/HMA二分法在加勒比海海绵生物多样性的详尽采样，并预测LMA共生状态是海绵之间的祖先状态。相反，HMA共生体，由更专门的微生物组成，通过招募类似的组合已经进化了多次，主要是因为以石珊瑚为主的珊瑚礁的兴起。此外，HMA共生体显示出更强的共生和同生信号，与这些复杂的全生物中更强的共同进化相互作用相一致。这些结果表明，HMA holobiont的特点是增加特有性，代谢依赖性和化学防御。驱动这些模式的选择性力量可能包括珊瑚礁生态系统中溶解有机物的同时增加或海绵鱼类的多样化。
Symbiotic microbial communities of sponges serve critical functions that have shaped the evolution of reef ecosystems since their origins. Symbiont abundance varies tremendously among sponges, with many species classified as either low microbial abundance (LMA) or high microbial abundance (HMA), but the evolutionary dynamics of these symbiotic states remain unknown. This study examines the LMA/HMA dichotomy across an exhaustive sampling of Caribbean sponge biodiversity and predicts that the LMA symbiotic state is the ancestral state among sponges. Conversely, HMA symbioses, consisting of more specialized microorganisms, have evolved multiple times by recruiting similar assemblages, mostly since the rise of scleractinian-dominated reefs. Additionally, HMA symbioses show stronger signals of phylosymbiosis and cophylogeny, consistent with stronger co-evolutionary interaction in these complex holobionts. These results indicate that HMA holobionts are characterized by increased endemism, metabolic dependence and chemical defences. The selective forces driving these patterns may include the concurrent increase in dissolved organic matter in reef ecosystems or the diversification of spongivorous fishes.