Association of Low-Level Ozone with Cognitive Decline in Older Adults.
Association of Low-Level Ozone with Cognitive Decline in Older Adults.
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DOI：
10.3233/jad-170658
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Shea TB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cleary EG;Cifuentes M;Grinstein G;Brugge D;Shea TB
越来越多的证据表明空气污染物暴露与呼吸道、心血管和神经病理学有关。我们研究了地面臭氧或直径≤ 2.5 μm的细颗粒物（PM2.5）是否与认知能力的加速下降有关。使用重复测量混合回归模型，我们分析了2004-2008年国家阿尔茨海默病协调中心的地理上不同的个体样本的认知表现。臭氧和PM2.5的环境空气浓度是使用时空分层贝叶斯模型建立的，该模型在统计上合并了空气监测数据和模拟的空气质量估计。然后，我们将臭氧和PM2.5的环境区域浓度与这些区域内居民的认知下降率进行了比较。在对关键的个人和社区风险因素进行调整后，臭氧水平的增加与认知能力下降的速度增加相关。此外，携带一个或多个APOE 4等位基因的个体表现出更快的认知能力下降速度。臭氧的有害关联仅限于具有正常认知的个体，这些个体最终变得认知受损，而不是那些进入研究的基线受损者。与臭氧相反，我们没有观察到环境PM2.5与环境保护局规定的监管限制下的认知能力下降之间的任何相关性。我们的研究结果表明，在痴呆症发展的初始阶段，长期暴露于地面臭氧可能会加速认知能力下降。
Increasing evidence points to an association of airborne pollutant exposure with respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological pathology. We examined whether or not ground-level ozone or fine particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) was associated with accelerated cognitive decline. Using repeated measures mixed regression modeling, we analyzed cognitive performance of a geographically diverse sampling of individuals from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center between 2004–2008. Ambient air concentrations of ozone and PM2.5 were established using a space-time Hierarchical Bayesian Model that statistically merged air monitor data and modeled air quality estimates. We then compared the ambient regional concentrations of ozone and PM2.5 with the rate of cognitive decline in residents within those regions. Increased levels of ozone correlated with an increased rate of cognitive decline, following adjustment for key individual and community-level risk factors. Furthermore, individuals harboring one or more APOE4 alleles exhibited a faster rate of cognitive decline. The deleterious association of ozone was confined to individuals with normal cognition who eventually became cognitively impaired as opposed to those who entered the study with baseline impairment. In contrast to ozone, we did not observe any correlation between ambient PM2.5 and cognitive decline at regulatory limits set by the Environmental Protection Agency. Our findings suggest that prolonged exposure to ground-level ozone may accelerate cognitive decline during the initial stages of dementia development.