Drinking water studies: a review on heavy metal, application of biomarker and health risk assessment (a special focus in Malaysia).
Drinking water studies: a review on heavy metal, application of biomarker and health risk assessment (a special focus in Malaysia).
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jegh.2015.04.003
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发表时间：
2015-12
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Hashim Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ab Razak NH;Praveena SM;Aris AZ;Hashim Z
马来西亚拥有大量的饮用水来源，来自河流和地下水。然而，快速发展使马来西亚的饮用水源质量恶化。从2003年到2013年，对饮用水，健康风险评估的应用和生物监测的应用以及生物监测的研究。饮用水中的重金属研究表明，如世界卫生组织和马来西亚卫生部所建议的那样，水平在允许的限制下。关于健康风险评估应用的未来研究至关重要，以了解通过饮用水对马来西亚人口暴露的风险。在审查的生物标志物中，脚趾甲是评估重金属人体负担的最有用的工具。脚趾甲很容易收集，存储，运输和分析。这篇评论将为将来对马来西亚饮用水的研究提供明确的指导。这样，它将帮助风险经理最大程度地减少最佳水平的敞口，以及政府制定安全保护人口的政策。
Malaysia has abundant sources of drinking water from river and groundwater. However, rapid developments have deteriorated quality of drinking water sources in Malaysia. Heavy metal studies in terms of drinking water, applications of health risk assessment and bio-monitoring in Malaysia were reviewed from 2003 to 2013. Studies on heavy metal in drinking water showed the levels are under the permissible limits as suggested by World Health Organization and Malaysian Ministry of Health. Future studies on the applications of health risk assessment are crucial in order to understand the risk of heavy metal exposure through drinking water to Malaysian population. Among the biomarkers that have been reviewed, toenail is the most useful tool to evaluate body burden of heavy metal. Toenails are easy to collect, store, transport and analysed. This review will give a clear guidance for future studies of Malaysian drinking water. In this way, it will help risk managers to minimize the exposure at optimum level as well as the government to formulate policies in safe guarding the population.