Alcohol effects on simulated driving performance and self-perceptions of impairment in DUI offenders.
Alcohol effects on simulated driving performance and self-perceptions of impairment in DUI offenders.
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酒精对酒后驾车罪犯的模拟驾驶表现和损伤自我感知的影响。
DOI：
10.1037/a0038126
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Fillmore,MarkT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
VanDyke,Nicholas;Fillmore,MarkT
有酒后驾驶 (DUI) 历史的驾驶员自我报告说，他们的冲动性更高，并且表现出鲁莽的驾驶行为，车辆碰撞事故、违规驾驶和交通罚单的发生率增加表明了这一点。这种不良的行为自我调节也会增加人们对酒精对驾驶表现的破坏性影响的敏感度。本研究调查了酒后驾车驾驶员对酒精对模拟驾驶表现的急性损害影响的敏感性增加的程度，并高估了饮酒后的驾驶健康状况。有酒后驾车史的成年驾驶员和人口统计学匹配的无酒后驾车史的驾驶员组（对照组）在服用 0.65 克/千克酒精和安慰剂后进行了测试。结果表明，酒精损害了驾驶表现的多项指标，并且酒后驾车罪犯和对照组之间在这些损害方面没有差异。然而，饮酒后，酒驾司机自我报告称，与对照组相比，他们的驾驶能力和意愿更强。这些发现表明，有酒后驾车史的驾驶员可能认为自己更适合酒后驾车，这可能在他们酒后驾驶的决定中发挥重要作用。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2016 APA，保留所有权利）
Drivers with a history of driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol self-report heightened impulsivity and display reckless driving behaviors as indicated by increased rates of vehicle crashes, moving violations, and traffic tickets. Such poor behavioral self-regulation could also increase sensitivity to the disruptive effects of alcohol on driving performance. The present study examined the degree to which DUI drivers display an increased sensitivity to the acute impairing effects of alcohol on simulated driving performance and overestimate their driving fitness following alcohol consumption. Adult drivers with a history of DUI and a demographically matched group of drivers with no history of DUI (controls) were tested following a 0.65 g/kg alcohol and a placebo. Results indicated that alcohol impaired several measures of driving performance, and there was no difference between DUI offenders and controls in these impairments. However, following alcohol, DUI drivers self-reported a greater ability and willingness to drive compared with controls. These findings indicate that drivers with a history of DUI might perceive themselves as more fit to drive after drinking, which could play an important role in their decisions to drink and drive.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)