DIRECT AND CORRELATED RESPONSES TO SELECTION FOR DESICCATION RESISTANCE - A COMPARISON OF DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER AND D-SIMULANS
DIRECT AND CORRELATED RESPONSES TO SELECTION FOR DESICCATION RESISTANCE - A COMPARISON OF DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER AND D-SIMULANS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1046/j.1420-9101.1993.6050643.x
复制
发表时间：
1993-11-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
PARSONS, PA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HOFFMANN, AA;PARSONS, PA
来自澳大利亚同一地点的黑腹果蝇和拟果蝇复制系在两种选择强度(50%和85%死亡率)下进行选择，以提高对干燥的抗性，并对相关反应进行评分，以了解类似的生理变化是否与选择反应有关。意识到黑腹鼠的遗传力要高得多。这两个物种的选定品系比对照品系对饥饿和有毒乙醇浓度的抗性更强。这两个物种对潜在选择反应的特征也表现出相似的相关反应：选定的品系失水速度较慢，在干燥环境中活动水平降低，但它们在湿重或干重或水分含量上没有差异。对于黑腹金龟子，选择死亡率为85%的品系的实际遗传力高于选择死亡率为50%的品系，但不存在选择强度的影响。这种性质的比较研究可能有助于预测物种在多大程度上能够适应野外的压力。
Replicate lines of Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans originating from the same location in Australia were selected at two selection intensities (50%, 85% mortality) for increased resistance to desiccation, and scored for correlated responses to see if similar physiological changes were associated with the selection responses. Realized heritabilities were much higher in D. melanogaster. Selected lines of both species were more resistant than control lines to starvation and a toxic ethanol concentration. Both species also showed similar correlated responses for traits underlying the selection response: selected lines lost water at a slower rate and had reduced activity levels in a dry environment, but they did not differ in wet or dry body weight or in water content. For D. Melanogaster, realized heritabilities for lines selected at 85% mortality were higher than for lines selected at 50% mortality, but there was no effect of selection intensity for D. simulans. Comparative studies of this nature may be useful in predicting the extent to which species can adapt to stress in the wild.