Human guidance and supervision of a manufacturing system for semi-automated production
Human guidance and supervision of a manufacturing system for semi-automated production
复制标题
半自动化生产制造系统的人工指导和监督
DOI：
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复制
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Soffker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Langer;D. Soffker
手工制作在制造过程中很常见，其中人类工人在过程知识和控制、任务复杂性、制造技术和质量管理方面发挥着核心作用。从经济的角度来看，没有任何技术援助的手工制作允许在可接受的质量范围内制造产品;然而，质量本身受到人类工人技能的强烈影响。此外，产品质量的可重复性或整个制造过程中手动执行的工作步骤的均匀性难以保持在可靠的范围内。对人类工人和质量的依赖可能会导致有缺陷的产品或通过纠正重建增加制造成本，特别是当由于人口原因而无法获得熟练的人类员工时。这种基于专业知识的制造的复杂性需要对制造过程进行详细分析，以检测可自动化的子过程。一方面考虑到人的因素，另一方面考虑到经济目标，显然需要创新的生产系统。通过将人类工人转移到操作员角色并通过自动化与质量相关的生产子过程来分离人类工人和过程任务似乎是有用的。作为一个说明性的例子，手工成型工艺的过程分析进行。因此，铸件质量主要受模具质量的影响，由于在该铸造技术领域中常见的有害环境中的基于专业知识的手工制作工艺，模具质量是个体制造变化的基础。
Handcrafting is common in manufacturing processes, where human workers fulfill a central role regarding process knowledge and control, task complexity, fabrication techniques, and quality management. From an economic point of view, the handcrafting without any technical assistance allows manufacturing of products in an admissible quality range; however, the quality itself is strongly influenced by the skills of the human workers. Additionally, the repeatability of the product quality or the uniformity of the manually performed working steps throughout the manufacturing process is hard to keep in a reliable range. The dependency of human workers and the quality may cause defective products or increased manufacturing costs through corrective rebuilding, especially when skilled human employees are not available due to demographical reasons. The complexity of such kind of expertise-based manufacturing requires a detailed analysis of the manufacturing process in order to detect automatable sub-processes. Regarding human factor aspects on the one hand and economic goals on the other hand, the need of innovative production systems becomes clear. A separation of human workers and the process task by transferring the human worker to an operator role and by automatizing the quality related production sub-processes seems to be useful. As an illustrative example, the process analysis of a handcrafted molding process is performed. Thereby, the cast part quality is mainly influenced by the quality of the mold, which underlies individual fabrication variations due to an expertise-based handcrafted production process in a noxious environment common in this casting technology field.