Problem-solving and learning in Carib grackles: individuals show a consistent speed-accuracy trade-off
Problem-solving and learning in Carib grackles: individuals show a consistent speed-accuracy trade-off
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s10071-014-0817-1
复制
发表时间：
2015-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Lefebvre, L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ducatez, S.;Audet, J. N.;Lefebvre, L.
种群内认知能力变异的产生和维持仍然知之甚少。最近的理论提出，这种差异可能反映了在羞怯影响下，沿慢速连续体分布的一致认知策略的存在。慢-快连续体可能反映在众所周知的速度-准确性权衡中，即动物不能同时最大化它们执行任务的速度和准确性。我们用49只野生捕获的加勒比石嘴鸦（Quiscalus lugubris）来测试这个想法，加勒比石嘴鸦是巴巴多斯岛上一种温顺的机会主义通才鸟类。快速解决新问题的白嘴鸦，包括清除障碍物以获得可见食物，在两项不同的任务中表现一致，每次试验花更多的时间参加两项任务，并且在预测试中表现得更害羞。然而，他们也是在不需要新的运动动作的颜色辨别任务中犯更多错误的个体。我们的数据调和了在认知任务的比较文献中报道的一些混合的正相关和负相关，表明速度-准确性权衡可能导致偏好速度的任务和偏好准确性的任务之间的负相关，但仍然揭示了基于稳定的个体差异的一致策略。
The generation and maintenance of within-population variation in cognitive abilities remain poorly understood. Recent theories propose that this variation might reflect the existence of consistent cognitive strategies distributed along a slow-fast continuum influenced by shyness. The slow-fast continuum might be reflected in the well-known speed-accuracy trade-off, where animals cannot simultaneously maximise the speed and the accuracy with which they perform a task. We test this idea on 49 wild-caught Carib grackles (Quiscalus lugubris), a tame opportunistic generalist Icterid bird in Barbados. Grackles that are fast at solving novel problems involving obstacle removal to reach visible food perform consistently over two different tasks, spend more time per trial attending to both tasks, and are those that show more shyness in a pretest. However, they are also the individuals that make more errors in a colour discrimination task requiring no new motor act. Our data reconcile some of the mixed positive and negative correlations reported in the comparative literature on cognitive tasks, suggesting that a speed-accuracy trade-off could lead to negative correlations between tasks favouring speed and tasks favouring accuracy, but still reveal consistent strategies based on stable individual differences.