Organ donation and utilization in the USA
Organ donation and utilization in the USA
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-6135.2004.00396.x
复制
发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Metzger, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ojo, AO;Heinrichs, D;Metzger, RA
导致捐赠者身份识别、同意、器官获取和分配的过程继续主导移植领域的辩论和努力。一个相当短缺的捐助者仍然是需要器官transplantation.This的患者人数increasing.This文章回顾了在美国的主要趋势，在器官捐赠的做法和采购模式从死者和活着的来源。虽然近年来活体捐赠有所增加，但2002年的增长幅度要小得多，仅为1%。2002年，活体肝和肺捐赠的绝对数量也有所下降。2002年，已故捐赠者的数量仅增加了1.6%（101名捐赠者）。与活体捐赠的增加相比，已故捐赠者捐赠的增加为移植提供了更多的器官，因为平均从每个已故捐赠者身上回收3.6个器官。从已故捐赠者身上回收的器官总数增加了2.1%（462个器官）。器官质量差仍然是无法从死者捐赠者那里回收同意的器官的主要原因。肾脏是最有可能在回收后被丢弃的器官。在过去的十年中，回收肾脏的丢弃率从6%增加到11%。其中许多是扩大标准的供肾。
The processes leading to donor identification, consent, organ procurement, and allocation continue to dominate debates and efforts in the field of transplantation. A considerable shortage of donors remains while the number of patients needing organ transplantation increases.This article reviews the main trends in organ donation practices and procurement patterns from both deceased and living sources in the USA. Although there have been increases in living donation in recent years, 2002 witnessed a much more modest growth of 1%. Absolute declines in living liver and lung donation were also noted in 2002.In 2002, the number of deceased donors increased by only 1.6% (101 donors). Increased donation from deceased donors provides more organs for transplantation than a comparable increase in living donation, because on average 3.6 organs are recovered from each deceased donor. The total number of organs recovered from deceased donors increased by 2.1% (462 organs). Poor organ quality continued to be the major reason given for nonrecovery of consented organs from deceased donors.The kidney is the organ most likely to be discarded after recovery. Over the past decade the discard rate of recovered kidneys has increased from 6% to 11%. Many of these are expanded criteria donor kidneys.