Strategies of Macrophages to Maintain Bone Homeostasis and Promote Bone Repair: A Narrative Review.

Strategies of Macrophages to Maintain Bone Homeostasis and Promote Bone Repair: A Narrative Review.
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巨噬细胞维持骨稳态和促进骨修复的策略:叙述回顾

DOI:
10.3390/jfb14010018
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发表时间:
2022-12-29
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
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--
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骨稳态(健康的骨量)通过维持骨吸收和骨形成之间的微妙平衡来调节。生理性骨重建的调节是一个涉及骨骼中多个细胞的复杂系统,与骨稳态密切相关。骨量丢失或骨修复总是伴随着骨稳态的变化。然而,由于骨稳态的复杂性,我们目前无法确定影响骨稳态的所有机制。迄今为止,骨巨噬细胞被认为是除成骨谱细胞和破骨细胞之外的第三种细胞成分。如共培养模型或体内实验所证实的,极化或非极化的巨噬细胞与骨内的多种组分相互作用以确保骨稳态。不同的巨噬细胞表型倾向于不同的骨吸收和形成。本文综述了巨噬细胞调节骨稳态的机制,认为巨噬细胞可以通过破骨细胞、间充质细胞、成骨细胞、骨细胞和血液/血管系统来调节骨稳态。这些机制的阐述,在这个叙述性的审查,促进发展的巨噬细胞为基础的战略,用于治疗骨代谢疾病和骨缺损。
Bone homeostasis (a healthy bone mass) is regulated by maintaining a delicate balance between bone resorption and bone formation. The regulation of physiological bone remodeling by a complex system that involves multiple cells in the skeleton is closely related to bone homeostasis. Loss of bone mass or repair of bone is always accompanied by changes in bone homeostasis. However, due to the complexity of bone homeostasis, we are currently unable to identify all the mechanisms that affect bone homeostasis. To date, bone macrophages have been considered a third cellular component in addition to osteogenic spectrum cells and osteoclasts. As confirmed by co-culture models or in vivo experiments, polarized or unpolarized macrophages interact with multiple components within the bone to ensure bone homeostasis. Different macrophage phenotypes are prone to resorption and formation of bone differently. This review comprehensively summarizes the mechanisms by which macrophages regulate bone homeostasis and concludes that macrophages can control bone homeostasis from osteoclasts, mesenchymal cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and the blood/vasculature system. The elaboration of these mechanisms in this narrative review facilitates the development of macrophage-based strategies for the treatment of bone metabolic diseases and bone defects.
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