Effects of ZnO nanoparticles and Zn2+ on fluvial biofilms and the related toxicity mechanisms
Effects of ZnO nanoparticles and Zn2+ on fluvial biofilms and the related toxicity mechanisms
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纳米ZnO和Zn2对河流生物膜的影响及相关毒性机制
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.130
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Guoxiang You
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yi Xu;Chao Wang;Jun Hou;Shanshan Dai;Peifang Wang;Lingzhan Miao;Bowen Lv;Yangyang Yang;Guoxiang You
消费品中使用的氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO NPs）主要通过废水流释放到环境中。纳米氧化锌对人体健康的危害以及溶解态锌离子对纳米氧化锌毒性的贡献引起了广泛的关注。在这项研究中，氧化锌纳米粒子（ZnO NPs）的毒性效应和溶解的Zn 2+对河流生物膜的影响进行了研究。在曝光时间（21天）结束时，扫描电子显微镜（SEM）图像和生物富集实验表明，大量的ZnO纳米粒子吸附在生物膜上。当Zn 2+浓度为7.85 mg/L和100 mg/L时，藻类生物量分别比对照组（1.43 μg/L）降低了6倍和11倍。此外，在相同的暴露条件下，量子产率呈现相对于对照的53.33%和33.33%的含量，并且从7天开始观察到群落组成的变化，表现为硅藻的强烈减少，并且在暴露21天后分别达到对照的15.63%和6.25%。在100 mg/L ZnO纳米颗粒和7.85 mg/L Zn 2+分别暴露后，细菌活力和活性氧（ROS）产生的降低显著增强。此外，在暴露实验中注意到Zn 2+的急性和快速毒性以及随着生物累积增加的ZnO纳米颗粒的毒性增加。
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) used in consumer products are largely released into the environment through the wastewater stream. The health hazard of ZnO NPs and the contribution of dissolved Zn2 +in toxicity of ZnO NPs has attracted extensive worldwide attention. In this study, the toxic effects of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and the effects of dissolved Zn2 +on fluvial biofilms were investigated. At the end of the exposure time (21 days), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and bioaccumulation experiments revealed that large quantities of ZnO NPs were adsorbed on the biofilm. The algal biomasses were significantly decreased by six- and eleven-fold compared with the control (1.43 μg/L) by exposure to concentrations of 100 mg/L ZnO NPs and 7.85 mg/L Zn2 +, respectively. Moreover, under the same exposure conditions, the quantum yields presented contents of 53.33 and 33.33% relative to the control, and a shift in the community composition that manifested as a strong reduction in diatoms was observed from 7 days and reached 15.63 and 6.25% of the control after 21 days of exposure, respectively. The reductions in bacteria viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were noticeably enhanced following exposure to 100 mg/L ZnO NPs and 7.85 mg/L Zn2 +, respectively. Additionally, the acute and rapid toxicity of Zn2 +and the increasing toxicity of the ZnO NPs with increased bioaccumulation were noted in the exposure experiment.