Obstacles and approaches in artificial cultivation of Chinese cordyceps.
Obstacles and approaches in artificial cultivation of Chinese cordyceps.
复制标题
冬虫夏草人工栽培的障碍与途径
DOI：
10.1080/21501203.2018.1442132
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Li X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qin QL;Zhou GL;Zhang H;Meng Q;Zhang JH;Wang HT;Miao L;Li X
冬虫夏草，又称冬虫夏草，是冬虫夏草，是冬虫夏草的子实体，由分布在海拔3000-5000米左右的青藏高原受感染的鬼蛾幼虫的身体木乃伊(菌核)发育而成(Zhang等)。2012年)。它是一种著名的中药，主要是因为它对人类健康具有传奇的奇迹般的益处，而且它在市场上的价格非常高，2015年高达每公斤60,000美元(雷等人)。2015年)。市场上几乎所有的冬虫夏草都是在每年5-7月期间在青藏高原高寒牧场收获的，严重破坏了高原的草场植被和生态。长期以来，许多机构和公司投入了巨大的资源，探索在室内或在其自然栖息地人工栽培冬虫夏草，但由于人工完成寄主昆虫的生活史和参与栽培的寄主真菌感染的困难，直到最近才失败。据了解，已有几家机构和公司在人工培育冬虫夏草方面取得了成功。然而，目前还没有关于这一成功细节的正式科学报告，这可能是因为该地区背后的巨大商业利益和开发商不愿与他人分享的技术诀窍。在这篇简短的笔记中，我们从经验上简要介绍了阻碍冬虫夏草人工栽培进展的一些技术瓶颈，并列举了一些来自个人交流的成功例子。需要说明的是，下面提供的信息更多是经验性的，而不是科学性的。
Chinese cordyceps, also known as “Dong Chong Xia Cao” in Chinese, which means being worm in winter and herb in summer, is the fruiting body of Ophiocordyceps sinensis developed from the cadaver mummy (sclerotium) of infected ghost moth larva distributed in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau around the altitude of 3000–5000 m (Zhang et al. 2012). It is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine mostly because of its legendary miraculous beneficial effects to human health and its very high prices in the market, which reached as high as USD 60,000 per kg in 2015 (Lei et al. 2015). Almost all the Chinese cordyceps in the market are harvested in the alpine pasture of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau during the period of May to July every year, which severely damage the pasture vegetation and ecology of the plateau. A lot of institutions and companies have been investing huge resources to explore artificial cultivation of Chinese cordyceps indoor or in its natural habitat for a long time, but failed until recent because of difficulties of artificially completing both life cycles of host insect and fungal infection in the host involved in the cultivation. It is known that several institutions and companies have been successful in artificial cultivation of Chinese cordyceps. However, there is no formal scientific report on the details of this success, which is probably because of huge commercial interests behind the area and technical know-hows in which developers do not want to share with others. In this short note, we briefly present some technical bottlenecks retarding the progress of artificial cultivation of Chinese cordyceps empirically and list some examples of the success from personal communications. It is a need to illustrate that the information provided below is more empirical than scientific.