Repressive coping: distraction using pleasant thoughts and memories.
Repressive coping: distraction using pleasant thoughts and memories.
复制标题
压抑应对：利用愉快的想法和记忆来分散注意力。
DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.73.1.45
复制
发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Baumeister,RF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boden,JM;Baumeister,RF
为了避免接触不愉快或不想要的情绪材料，有些人可能会通过唤起愉快的想法（例如快乐的回忆）来分散自己的注意力。因此，操纵负面情绪可能会导致更容易获得愉快的想法和记忆，这与情绪一致的回忆的假设相反。在实验一中，与观看中性电影相比，抑制者在观看不愉快的电影后能够更快地回忆起快乐的记忆。非阻抑剂表现出相反的效果（即情绪一致的记忆）。在实验 2 中，看完不愉快的电影后，抑制器回忆起快乐的记忆比回忆起悲伤的记忆更快。在实验3中，抑制者在观看不愉快的电影后会自发地产生愉快的想法，而非抑制者却不会。因此，抑制者显然是通过获取愉快的想法来应对负面情感材料的暴露。从针对情绪困扰的认知防御和压抑的联想结构方面讨论了结果。
To avoid exposure to unpleasant or unwanted emotional material, some people may distract themselves by summoning up pleasant thoughts such as happy memories. Manipulation of negative affect might therefore result in heightened accessibility of pleasant thoughts and memories, contrary to hypotheses of mood-congruent recall. In Experiment 1, repressors were faster to recall happy memories after watching an unpleasant film than after watching a neutral film. Nonrepressors showed the opposite effect (ie, mood-congruent memory). In Experiment 2, after an unpleasant film, repressors were faster to recall a happy memory than to recall a sad memory. In Experiment 3, repressors spontaneously generated pleasant thoughts after watching an unpleasant film, whereas nonrepressors did not. Thus, repressors apparently cope with exposure to negative affective material by accessing pleasant thoughts. Results are discussed in terms of cognitive defenses against emotional distress and the associative structure of repression.