Life cycle assessment for emerging materials: case study of a garden bed constructed from lumber produced with three different copper treatments
Life cycle assessment for emerging materials: case study of a garden bed constructed from lumber produced with three different copper treatments
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新兴材料的生命周期评估：用三种不同的铜处理方法生产的木材建造的花园床的案例研究
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发表时间：
2014
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通讯作者：
Phil Sayre
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作者：
Michael P. Tsang;D. Meyer;Troy R. Hawkins;W. Ingwersen;Phil Sayre
目的本研究的目的是评估使用生命周期评估（LCA）的新应用，包括新兴材料和涉及特定地点的情况下的适当性。摇篮到严重的影响，铜处理木材中使用的提高花园床进行评估，以确定关键的方法挑战和建议，应用LCA为这样的目的，以及提高可持续性在此Application.MethodsThe功能单元是一个提高花园床测量6.67板英尺（BF）的体积超过一段时间的20年。花园的花坛是用软木做成的，比如南方的黄松。所考虑的两种处理选项是碱性铜季铵盐和微粉化铜季铵盐。Ecoinvent 2.2提供了一定的生命周期库存（LCI）的数据需要生产的每一个花园床，而额外的主要和次要来源进行访问，以补充LCI.Results和discussionPrimary数据不可用的所有相关的库存要求，正如预期的那样，但足够的次要数据收集进行筛选级LCA对这些提出的花园床应用。一个值得注意的发现是，消除有机溶剂可以产生更可持续的木材处理产品。结论是有限的数据可用性和关键的方法面临的LCA和新兴materials.ConclusionsAlthough重要的数据和方法面临的LCA和新兴材料的挑战存在，这LCA捕获的材料和过程的变化，是重要的驱动程序的环境影响。生命周期评估方法需要修改，以反映新材料的特性，这些特性决定了它们的归宿、迁移以及对环境和健康的影响。在对新出现的材料应用生命周期评估之前，没有必要让所有的建议都曝光。这些材料的应用涉及许多投入，超出了已经由生命周期评估适当评估的新兴材料。因此，生命周期评估应在其目前的状态下使用，以加强这些应用程序的可持续发展的决策环境。
PurposeThe objective of this research was to evaluate the appropriateness of using life cycle assessment (LCA) for new applications that incorporate emerging materials and involve site-specific scenarios. Cradle-to-grave impacts of copper-treated lumber used in a raised garden bed are assessed to identify key methodological challenges and recommendations applying LCA for such purposes as well as to improve sustainability within this application.MethodsThe functional unit is a raised garden bed measuring 6.67 board feet (bf) in volume over a period of 20 years. The garden beds are made from softwood lumber such as southern yellow pine. The two treatment options considered were alkaline copper quaternary and micronized copper quaternary. Ecoinvent 2.2 provided certain life cycle inventory (LCI) data needed for the production of each garden bed, while additional primary and secondary sources were accessed to supplement the LCI.Results and discussionPrimary data were not available for all relevant inventory requirements, as was anticipated, but enough secondary data were gathered to conduct a screening-level LCA on these raised garden bed applications. A notable finding was that elimination of organic solvent could result in a more sustainable lumber treatment product. Conclusions are limited by data availability and key methodological challenges facing LCA and emerging materials.ConclusionsAlthough important data and methodological challenges facing LCA and emerging materials exist, this LCA captured material and process changes that were important drivers of environmental impacts. LCA methods need to be amended to reflect the properties of emerging materials that determine their fate, transport, and impacts to the environment and health. It is not necessary that all recommendations come to light before LCA is applied in the context of emerging materials. Applications of such materials involve many inputs beyond emerging materials that are already properly assessed by LCA. Therefore, LCA should be used in its current state to enhance the decision-making context for the sustainable development of these applications.