Global functional and phylogenetic structure of avian assemblages across elevation and latitude
Global functional and phylogenetic structure of avian assemblages across elevation and latitude
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DOI：
10.1111/ele.13631
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发表时间：
2020-10-30
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Jetz, Walter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jarzyna, Marta A.;Quintero, Ignacio;Jetz, Walter
山地系统是异常丰富的物种，但相关的海拔梯度在功能和系统发育多样性及其跨纬度的一致性仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们记录了鸟类的功能和系统发育多样性和结构在全球所有主要海拔梯度上的变化，并揭示了强烈的纬度差异。热带温暖低地和寒温带高地的生物群落具有高度的功能过度分散和独特性，而热带高地和温带低地的生物群落具有强烈的功能聚集性和冗余性。此外，我们发现在系统发育和功能结构的相互作用中存在很强的地理差异，其中温带高地的系统发育和功能结构之间的差异最大。这种组合功能结构的纬度和海拔变化是由多元特征空间的位置、形状和组成的细微变化所支撑的。我们发现，与纬度无关，高海拔组合特别容易受到功能变化的影响。
Mountain systems are exceptionally species rich, yet the associated elevational gradients in functional and phylogenetic diversity and their consistency across latitude remain little understood. Here, we document how avian functional and phylogenetic diversity and structure vary along all major elevational gradients worldwide and uncover strong latitudinal differences. Assemblages in warm tropical lowlands and cold temperate highlands are marked by high functional overdispersion and distinctiveness, whereas tropical highlands and temperate lowlands appear strongly functionally clustered and redundant. We additionally find strong geographic variation in the interplay of phylogenetic and functional structure, with strongest deviations between the two in temperate highlands. This latitudinal and elevational variation in assemblage functional structure is underpinned by nuanced shifts in the position, shape and composition of multivariate trait space. We find that, independent of latitude, high-elevation assemblages emerge as exceptionally susceptible to functional change.