AGGRESSIVE-BEHAVIOR BETWEEN HUMPBACK WHALES (MEGAPTERA-NOVAEANGLIAE) WINTERING IN HAWAIIAN WATERS
AGGRESSIVE-BEHAVIOR BETWEEN HUMPBACK WHALES (MEGAPTERA-NOVAEANGLIAE) WINTERING IN HAWAIIAN WATERS
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DOI：
10.1139/z84-282
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
HERMAN, LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BAKER, CS;HERMAN, LM
座头鲸（m.n ovaeangliae）在夏威夷水域越冬，对同种生物进行激烈的攻击。社会背景和相关个体的性别表明，攻击是雄性对性成熟的雌性（包括有新生牛犊的母牛）竞争的结果。与攻击相关的特征行为大致按强度分级，包括侧面显示、水下呼气、头部冲进（喉咙膨胀和扩大）、物理位移和冲锋。座头鲸在冬季繁殖季节不会形成稳定的配对；雌性与多个雄性同时出现，雄性与多个雌性同时出现。对单独识别的鲸鱼的反复观察表明，护送和唱歌是成熟雄性可互换的生殖角色。攻击事件表现出季节性的增加和减少，与丰度和平均荚大小的变化平行。攻击频率的季节性高峰可能与种群密度的增加和成熟雄性和雌性生殖生理的变化有关。歌唱的部分功能可能是使雌性的排卵与越冬地成熟雄性的高峰数量同步。
Humpback whales (M. novaeangliae) wintering in Hawaiian waters engage in strenuous aggression toward conspecifics. The social context and sex of individuals involved suggest that aggression is the result of male-male competition for sexually mature females, including cows with newborn calves. Characteristic behaviors associated with aggression occur in a roughly hierarchical scaling of intensity and include broadside displays, underwater exhalations, head lunges (in which the throat is inflated and enlarged), physical displacement and charge-strikes. Humpback whales do not form stable pair bonds during the winter breeding season; females were seen serially and simultaneously with multiple males and males are seen serially with multiple females. Repeated observations of individually identified whales indicate that escorting and singing are interchangeable reproductive roles of mature males. Incidents of aggression show a seasonal increase and decrease that parallel changes in abundance and average pod size. A seasonal peak in the frequency of aggression is probably related to an increase in population density and to changes in the reproductive physiology of mature males and females. Singing may function, in part, to synchronize ovulation in females with the peak abundance of mature males on the wintering grounds.