The clinical opiate withdrawal scale (COWS)
The clinical opiate withdrawal scale (COWS)
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DOI：
10.1080/02791072.2003.10400007
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发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Ling, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wesson, DR;Ling, W
临床阿片类戒断量表（COWS）是一种临床医生管理的纸笔工具，用于评估11种常见的阿片类戒断体征或症状。11项的总分可用于评估患者的阿片类药物戒断水平，并推断其对阿片类药物的身体依赖程度。随着阿片类药物治疗疼痛的使用越来越多，以及在美国舌下丁丙诺啡治疗阿片类药物依赖的可用性，阿片类药物戒断强度的临床评估重新受到关注。丁丙诺啡是一种μ受体的部分阿片激动剂，可促使阿片类药物依赖程度高但未经历阿片类药物戒断的患者戒断。自20世纪30年代中期开发出第一个阿片类药物戒断量表以来，许多不同的阿片类药物戒断量表已用于临床和研究环境。本文回顾了阿片类药物戒断量表的历史及其最初使用的背景。随附可复制和临床使用的COWS模板版本。COWS的PDF格式版本也可从美国成瘾医学会、加州成瘾医学会、加州大学洛杉矶分校综合药物滥用项目和AlcoholMD.com的网站上获得。
The clinical opiate withdrawal scale (COWS) is a clinician-administered, pen and paper instrument that rates eleven common opiate withdrawal signs or symptoms. The summed score of the eleven items can be used to assess a patient's level of opiate withdrawal and to make inferences about their level of physical dependence on opioids. With increasing use of opioids for treatment of pain and the availability of sublingual buprenorphine in the United States for treatment of opioid dependence, clinical assessment of opiate withdrawal intensity has received renewed interest. Buprenorphine, a partial opiate agonist at the mu receptor, can precipitate opiate withdrawal in patients with a high level of opioid dependence who are not experiencing opioid withdrawal. Since development of the first opiate withdrawal scale in the mid-1930s, many different opioid withdrawal scales have been used in clinical and research settings. This article reviews the history of opiate withdrawal scales and the context of their initial use. A template version of the COWS that can be copied and used clinically is appended. PDF formatted versions of the COWS are also available from the websites of the American Society of Addiction Medicine, the California Society of Addiction Medicine, the UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, and AlcoholMD.com.