Not all pavements lead to streams: variation in impervious surface connectivity affects urban stream ecosystems
Not all pavements lead to streams: variation in impervious surface connectivity affects urban stream ecosystems
复制标题
并非所有路面都会通向溪流：不透水表面连通性的变化会影响城市溪流生态系统
DOI：
10.1086/699014
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
E. Bernhardt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ethan M. Baruch;K. Voss;J. Blaszczak;Joseph M. Delesantro;D. Urban;E. Bernhardt
流域城市化导致城市河流的化学和热污染，水生生物多样性大幅下降。大多数研究人员都集中在总流域不透水面覆盖（ISC）的变化作为城市河流退化的主要驱动力。相反，我们问ISC和城市河流通道之间的连接程度是否会改变其效果。我们比较了美国东南部罗利-达勒姆大都市区的7条溪流，这些溪流排水流域的路面数量相似（ISC =流域面积的7-16%），但这些路面与其接收河流之间通过地下（管道密度范围：1.1-6.9 km/km 2）和地面（道路密度范围：5.8-10.7 km/km 2）流路。尽管排水流域同样低的发展水平，这7个流表现出显着的变化，在其水文和热制度和不同的大型无脊椎动物的多样性，从低的只有11个类群的高22。无论是大型无脊椎动物群落组成和组织中的铜，铅，锌的3流无脊椎动物类群（Cambaridae，Tipulidae，Hydropsychidae）发现在所有网站与流域水文连通性。这些结果表明，ISC的连通性可能会驱动相当大的变化，在生态系统退化的幅度与同一水平的流域发展，连接或断开不透水面有比例较低的负面影响水生生物。
Watershed urbanization leads to chemical and thermal pollution of urban streams and significant declines in aquatic biodiversity. Most investigators have focused on variation in total watershed impervious surface cover (ISC) as the primary driver of urban stream degradation. We asked instead whether the degree of connectivity between ISC and urban stream channels alters its effect. We compared 7 streams in the Raleigh–Durham metropolitan area of the southeastern USA that drained watersheds with similar amounts of pavement (ISC = 7–16% of watershed area) but spanning a wide range of hydrologic connectivity between these pavements and their receiving streams via both subsurface (pipe density range: 1.1–6.9 km/km2) and surface (road density range: 5.8–10.7 km/km2) flowpaths. Despite draining watersheds with similarly low levels of development, these 7 streams exhibited remarkable variability in their hydrologic and thermal regimes and varied in their macroinvertebrate diversity from a low of only 11 taxa to a high of 22. Both macroinvertebrate community composition and the tissue concentrations of Cu, Pb, and Zn in 3 stream invertebrate taxa (Cambaridae, Tipulidae, and Hydropsychidae) found across all sites were correlated with watershed hydrologic connectivity. These results suggest that the connectivity of ISC may drive considerable variation in the magnitude of ecosystem degradation associated with the same level of watershed development, with less connected or disconnected impervious surfaces having proportionally lower negative effects on aquatic organisms.