Stick insect locomotion in a complex environment: climbing over large gaps
Stick insect locomotion in a complex environment: climbing over large gaps
复制标题
DOI：
10.1242/jeb.00888
复制
发表时间：
2004-03-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Cruse, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blaesing, B;Cruse, H
在复杂的环境中，动物受到各种障碍的挑战。这就要求他们行走系统的控制器具有高度的灵活性。在这项研究中，棒状昆虫被提供了较大的间隙来交叉，以观察移动如何适应具有挑战性的环境情况。不同的方法被用来研究缺口跨越行为的顺序。一项详细的视频分析显示，跨越缺口的行为类似于经过修改的步行行为，但增加了不同的台阶类型。行走的顺序被一段探索的间隔打断，在这段时间里，昆虫用触角和前腿探测缝隙空间。当到达缝隙时，天线与地面失去接触不会引起任何可观察到的反应。相反，最初的前腿跨入通常是在触角“非接触”之后的间隙会引起站立速度的减慢。消融实验表明，缝隙的远缘是通过触觉刺激而不是视觉检测到的。天线或前腿与缝隙远端的初始接触代表着一个不返回点，之后总是成功地完成缝隙跨越。最后，基于单一行为元素的人种图，构建了跨越缺口序列的流程图。比较两个缺口大小的流程图发现，这些元素的频率和演替存在差异，特别是在序列的第一部分。
In a complex environment, animals are challenged by various types of obstacles. This requires the controller of their walking system to be highly flexible. In this study, stick insects were presented with large gaps to cross in order to observe how locomotion can be adapted to challenging environmental situations. Different approaches were used to investigate the sequence of gap-crossing behaviour. A detailed video analysis revealed that gap-crossing behaviour resembles modified walking behaviour with additional step types. The walking sequence is interrupted by an interval of exploration, in which the insect probes the gap space with its antennae and front legs. When reaching the gap, loss of contact of an antenna with the ground does not elicit any observable reactions. In contrast, an initial front leg step into the gap that often follows antennal 'non-contact' evokes slowing down of stance velocity. An ablation experiment showed that the far edge of the gap is detected by tactile antennal stimulation rather than by vision. Initial contact of an antenna or front leg with the far edge of the gap represents a 'point of no return', after which gap crossing is always successfully completed. Finally, flow chart diagrams of the gap-crossing sequence were constructed based on an ethogram of single elements of behaviour. Comparing flow charts for two gap sizes revealed differences in the frequency and succession of these elements, especially during the first part of the sequence.