A comparison of virtual locomotion methods in movement experts and non-experts: testing the contributions of body-based and visual translation for spatial updating
A comparison of virtual locomotion methods in movement experts and non-experts: testing the contributions of body-based and visual translation for spatial updating
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00221-020-05851-6
复制
发表时间：
2020-06-17
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Creem-Regehr, Sarah H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barhorst-Cates, Erica M.;Stefanucci, Jeanine K.;Creem-Regehr, Sarah H.
视觉和基于身体（前庭和本体感觉）的信息都有助于空间更新，或者导航器在运动过程中跟踪自我位置的方式。研究测试了这些信息来源的相对贡献，发现了不同的结果，一些研究表明基于身体的信息的重要性，特别是对于翻译，而一些研究表明视觉信息的充分性。在这里，我们使用个体差异方法来测试是否一些个体可能比其他人更依赖于某些类型的信息。运动专家倾向于在小规模的空间任务中依赖运动过程，这可能有助于或损害表现，但尚不清楚这种影响是否会扩展到空间更新等大规模空间任务中。在目前的研究中，专业舞者和非舞者完成了一个虚拟现实点到原点的任务，他们使用了三种不同的运动方法：行走、操纵杆和传送，这些方法改变了身体和视觉信息的可用性。我们预测，随着自我运动信息的减少，两组人的表现都会下降，舞者会表现出更大的成本。令人惊讶的是，跳舞的人和不跳舞的人在走路和操纵杆上的表现都一样准确，在传送时受到损害，两组之间没有太大的差异。我们发现，由于自我动作信息的减少，两组人的反应时间都变慢了，而且很少有证据表明舞者的成本更高。虽然我们没有看到强烈的舞蹈效果，但更多地参与空间活动与减少角度误差有关。总之，研究结果表明，在空间更新中，依赖视觉或基于身体的信息的翻译具有灵活性，这种灵活性在舞者和非舞者之间普遍存在，但去除这两种信息来源会显著降低翻译能力。
Both visual and body-based (vestibular and proprioceptive) information contribute to spatial updating, or the way a navigator keeps track of self-position during movement. Research has tested the relative contributions of these sources of information and found mixed results, with some studies demonstrating the importance of body-based information, especially for translation, and some demonstrating the sufficiency of visual information. Here, we invoke an individual differences approach to test whether some individuals may be more dependent on certain types of information compared to others. Movement experts tend to be dependent on motor processes in small-scale spatial tasks, which can help or hurt performance, but it is unknown if this effect extends into large-scale spatial tasks like spatial updating. In the current study, expert dancers and non-dancers completed a virtual reality point-to-origin task with three locomotion methods that varied the availability of body-based and visual information for translation: walking, joystick, and teleporting. We predicted decrements in performance in both groups as self-motion information was reduced, and that dancers would show a larger cost. Surprisingly, both dancers and non-dancers performed with equal accuracy in walking and joystick and were impaired in teleporting, with no large differences between groups. We found slower response times for both groups with reductions in self-motion information, and minimal evidence for a larger cost for dancers. While we did not see strong dance effects, more participation in spatial activities related to decreased angular error. Together, the results suggest a flexibility in reliance on visual or body-based information for translation in spatial updating that generalizes across dancers and non-dancers, but significant decrements associated with removing both of these sources of information.