Sirtuins Expression and Their Role in Retinal Diseases.
Sirtuins Expression and Their Role in Retinal Diseases.
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DOI：
10.1155/2017/3187594
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chalam KV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balaiya S;Abu-Amero KK;Kondkar AA;Chalam KV
自从发现沉默信息调节子2(Sir2)延长酵母的寿命以来，sirtuins受到了相当大的关注。Sir2是一种依赖于烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD)的组蛋白去乙酰基酶，既是转录效应器又是能量感受器。氧化应激和细胞凋亡参与了神经退行性眼病的发病机制。Sirtuins提供了对氧化应激和视网膜退化的保护。在哺乳动物中，sirtuin(SIRT)家族由七种蛋白质(SIRT1-SIRT7)组成。它们在组织特异性、亚细胞定位、酶活性和靶点上各不相同。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了sirtuin家族的现有知识，并讨论了它们的结构、细胞位置和生物学功能，主要集中在它们在不同的神经眼科疾病中的作用，包括青光眼、视神经炎和老年性黄斑变性。还描述了某些治疗靶点的潜在作用。
Sirtuins have received considerable attention since the discovery that silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) extends the lifespan of yeast. Sir2, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide- (NAD-) dependent histone deacetylase, serves as both a transcriptional effector and energy sensor. Oxidative stress and apoptosis are implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative eye diseases. Sirtuins confer protection against oxidative stress and retinal degeneration. In mammals, the sirtuin (SIRT) family consists of seven proteins (SIRT1–SIRT7). These vary in tissue specificity, subcellular localization, and enzymatic activity and targets. In this review, we present the current knowledge of the sirtuin family and discuss their structure, cellular location, and biological function with a primary focus on their role in different neuroophthalmic diseases including glaucoma, optic neuritis, and age-related macular degeneration. The potential role of certain therapeutic targets is also described.