Multilayered tissue mimicking skin and vessel phantoms with tunable mechanical, optical, and acoustic properties
Multilayered tissue mimicking skin and vessel phantoms with tunable mechanical, optical, and acoustic properties
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DOI：
10.1118/1.4951729
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Yarmush, Martin L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Alvin I.;Balter, Max L.;Yarmush, Martin L.
目的：本文介绍了设计，制造和表征的多层组织模仿皮肤和血管幻影与可调的机械，光学和声学性能。所述幻体包括表皮、真皮和皮下组织皮肤层、血管和仿血流体。每种组织成分可以单独定制的生理和人口统计conditions.Methods的范围内：皮肤层构建从不同浓度的明胶和琼脂。添加合成黑色素、印度墨水、吸收染料和Intraperoid以在皮肤层中提供光学吸收和散射。牛血清白蛋白被用来增加声衰减，和40 μ m直径的二氧化硅微球被用来诱导声后向散射。将由薄壁聚二甲基硅氧烷管组成的体模血管嵌入皮下2-6 mm深处，并使血液模拟液通过血管。通过单轴压缩和拉伸实验，流变频率扫描研究，漫反射光谱，和超声脉冲回波测量的幻影，其特征在于。结果：体模皮肤层和血管壁的弹性和动态剪切行为非常接近猪皮肤组织和人体血管的行为。同样，体模组织成分在400-1100 nm波长范围内的光学特性以及在2-9 MHz频率范围内的声学特性与人体组织数据相当。体模结果与文献参考值之间的归一化均方根百分比误差范围为1.06%至9.82%，对于许多测量值，其小于样本变异性。最后，机械和成像特性的幻影被发现在21摄氏度下储存30天后保持稳定。结论：在这项工作中描述的幻影模拟人体皮肤组织，血管组织和血液的机械，光学和声学特性。通过这种方式，体模特别适合用作多模态成像技术和图像引导干预的测试模型。(C)2016年美国医学物理学家协会。
Purpose: This paper describes the design, fabrication, and characterization of multilayered tissue mimicking skin and vessel phantoms with tunable mechanical, optical, and acoustic properties. The phantoms comprise epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis skin layers, blood vessels, and blood mimicking fluid. Each tissue component may be individually tailored to a range of physiological and demographic conditions.Methods: The skin layers were constructed from varying concentrations of gelatin and agar. Synthetic melanin, India ink, absorbing dyes, and Intralipid were added to provide optical absorption and scattering in the skin layers. Bovine serum albumin was used to increase acoustic attenuation, and 40 mu m diameter silica microspheres were used to induce acoustic backscatter. Phantom vessels consisting of thin-walled polydimethylsiloxane tubing were embedded at depths of 2-6 mm beneath the skin, and blood mimicking fluid was passed through the vessels. The phantoms were characterized through uniaxial compression and tension experiments, rheological frequency sweep studies, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements. Results were then compared to in vivo and ex vivo literature data.Results: The elastic and dynamic shear behavior of the phantom skin layers and vessel wall closely approximated the behavior of porcine skin tissues and human vessels. Similarly, the optical properties of the phantom tissue components in the wavelength range of 400-1100 nm, as well as the acoustic properties in the frequency range of 2-9 MHz, were comparable to human tissue data. Normalized root mean square percent errors between the phantom results and the literature reference values ranged from 1.06% to 9.82%, which for many measurements were less than the sample variability. Finally, the mechanical and imaging characteristics of the phantoms were found to remain stable after 30 days of storage at 21 degrees C.Conclusions: The phantoms described in this work simulate the mechanical, optical, and acoustic properties of human skin tissues, vessel tissue, and blood. In this way, the phantoms are uniquely suited to serve as test models for multimodal imaging techniques and image-guided interventions. (C) 2016 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.