Erratum To: Foretelling the Flex—Vertebral Shape Predicts Behavior and Ecology of Fishes
Erratum To: Foretelling the Flex—Vertebral Shape Predicts Behavior and Ecology of Fishes
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勘误表：预测弯曲脊椎形状可预测鱼类的行为和生态
DOI：
10.1093/icb/icab177
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Adam P Summers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cassandra M Donatelli;Alexus S Roberts;Eric Scott;Kylene DeSmith;Dexter Summers;Layanne Abu-Bader;Dana Baxter;Emily M Standen;Marianne E Porter;Adam P Summers
区分脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的一个关键的进化创新是脊索，脊索是一个提供强大运动所需刚度的核心元素。后来，脊索被包围在脊索周围的椎骨、软骨和骨质进一步变硬。祖先的脊索作为椎间材料保留在现代脊椎动物中，但我们对它与周围椎骨的机械相互作用知之甚少。在这项研究中，脊椎的内部形状-在那里发现这种材料-在16种鱼类的各种体型，游泳模式和栖息地进行了量化。我们用微型计算机断层扫描来测量内部形状。然后，我们创建并机械测试椎间关节的物理模型。我们还对五个物种的实际椎骨进行了机械测试。材料测试表明椎体的内部形态显著影响弯曲和扭转刚度。最后，我们进行了游泳试验，以收集运动学数据。结合这些数据，我们创建了一个模型，该模型使用内部脊椎形态来预测游泳运动学和力学。我们使用线性判别分析（LDA）来评估脊椎形状和我们的分类特征之间的关系。分析表明，内部脊椎形态是足以预测栖息地，身体形状，和游泳模式在我们的鱼类。该模型还可以用于预测在实验室中不容易研究的鱼类的游泳，例如深海和灭绝物种，从而可以发展关于其自然行为的假设。
One key evolutionary innovation that separates vertebrates from invertebrates is the notochord, a central element that provides the stiffness needed for powerful movements. Later, the notochord was further stiffened by the vertebrae, cartilaginous, and bony elements, surrounding the notochord. The ancestral notochord is retained in modern vertebrates as intervertebral material, but we know little about its mechanical interactions with surrounding vertebrae. In this study, the internal shape of the vertebrae—where this material is found—was quantified in 16 species of fishes with various body shapes, swimming modes, and habitats. We used micro-computed tomography to measure the internal shape. We then created and mechanically tested physical models of intervertebral joints. We also mechanically tested actual vertebrae of five species. Material testing shows that internal morphology of the centrum significantly affects bending and torsional stiffness. Finally, we performed swimming trials to gather kinematic data. Combining these data, we created a model that uses internal vertebral morphology to make predictions about swimming kinematics and mechanics. We used linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to assess the relationship between vertebral shape and our categorical traits. The analysis revealed that internal vertebral morphology is sufficient to predict habitat, body shape, and swimming mode in our fishes. This model can also be used to make predictions about swimming in fishes not easily studied in the laboratory, such as deep sea and extinct species, allowing the development of hypotheses about their natural behavior.