Biosynthesis of bacteriocins in lactic acid bacteria
Biosynthesis of bacteriocins in lactic acid bacteria
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00395929
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发表时间：
1996-10-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Holo, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nes, IF;Diep, DB;Holo, H
近年来，乳酸菌中发现了大量新的细菌素。大多数新的细菌素属于II类细菌素，其是小的（30-100个氨基酸）热稳定的，并且通常不进行后修饰。虽然大多数细菌素生产者只合成一种细菌素，但已显示几种LAB产生多种细菌素（2-3种细菌素）。基于共同特征，一些II类细菌素可分为单独的组，例如pediocin样细菌素和强抗芽孢杆菌细菌素，双肽细菌素和具有sec依赖性信号序列的细菌素。除了极少数含有sec依赖性信号序列的细菌素外，II类细菌素在含有N-末端双甘氨酸前导序列的预制体中合成。含有双甘氨酸前导序列的细菌素被一个专门的ABC-转运蛋白处理，该转运蛋白已被证明具有N-末端蛋白水解结构域。一些II类细菌素（植物乳杆菌C11的植物菌素和清酒乳杆菌的sakacin P）的产生已被证明通过由三个组分组成的信号转导系统进行转录调节：诱导因子（IF）、组氨酸蛋白激酶（HK）和反应调节因子（RR）。sakacin A和carnobacteriocin 132操纵子的转录调控可能是一个相同的调控系统。由于IF是一种具有双甘氨酸前导序列的细菌素样肽，其产生的调节是独特的，很可能是由与细菌素相关的ABC转运蛋白加工和外化的，但IF并不构成细菌素的活性，IF只是激活受调节的II类细菌素基因的转录。遗传学和II类细菌素的调节。
A large number of new bacteriocins in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been characterized in recent years. Most of the new bacteriocins belong to the class II bacteriocins which are small (30-100 amino acids) heat-stable and commonly not post-translationally modified. While most bacteriocin producers synthesize only one bacteriocin, it has been shown that several LAB produce multiple bacteriocins (2-3 bacteriocins).Based on common features, some of the class II bacteriocins can be divided into separate groups such as the pediocin-like and strong anti-listeria bacteriocins, the two-peptide bacteriocins, and bacteriocins with a sec-dependent signal sequence. With the exception of the very few bacteriocins containing a sec-dependent signal sequence, class II bacteriocins are synthesized in a preform containing an N-terminal double-glycine leader. The double-glycine leader-containing bacteriocins are processed concomitant with externalization by a dedicated ABC-transporter which has been shown to possess an N-terminal proteolytic domain. The production of some class II bacteriocins (plantaricins of Lactobacillus plantarum C11 and sakacin P of Lactobacillus sake) have been shown to be transcriptionally regulated through a signal transduction system which consists of three components: an induction factor (IF), histidine protein kinase (HK) and a response regulator (RR). An identical regulatory system is probably regulating the transcription of the sakacin A and carnobacteriocin 132 operons. The regulation of bacteriocin production is unique, since the IF is a bacteriocin-like peptide with a double-glycine leader processed and externalized most probably by the dedicated ABC-transporter associated with the bacteriocin, However, IF is not constituting the bacteriocin activity of the bacterium, IF is only activating the transcripion of the regulated class II bacteriocin gene(s).The present review discusses recent findings concerning biosynthesis, genetics, and regulation of class II bacteriocins.