Dive response differs between shallow- and deep-diving Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus)
Dive response differs between shallow- and deep-diving Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jembe.2010.08.006
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发表时间：
2010-10-30
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Trites, Andrew W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hindle, Allyson G.;Young, Beth L.;Trites, Andrew W.
陆地动物的肌肉运动与氧气使用、组织灌注和心率（f（H））相关，但潜水动物的这些生理过程之间的关系不太清楚。我们发现，经过训练自愿潜水到40米深处的斯特勒海狮的平均心率在潜水时下降了40%，并指出，与深潜（40米）相比，浅潜（10米）期间的平均心动过缓增加了9%。长时间的潜水导致较低的心率，但只有当他们是浅的;另一方面，最小瞬时f（H）下降一致的潜水时间。一般来说，瞬时f（H）并不反映短时间尺度上的活动。我们的数据表明，我们的海狮根据它们是潜入浅水还是深水而引起不同的潜水反应。在浅（10米）潜水，活动和f（H）之间的相关性是潜水和运动之间的血管妥协的指示。然而，在深潜（40米），没有这样的相关性，这表明运动活动是解耦的潜水心动过缓，这可能是介导的血液流动的情况下，以活跃的肌肉。对于这两种潜水方案，表面f（H）与潜水活动相关，这表明一些水下运动成本被推迟到潜水后的表面间隔。最终，我们的数据支持这样的推测，即无论潜水深度如何，斯特勒海狮运动肌肉在潜水过程中都会缺氧。(C)2010爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Muscle exercise correlates with oxygen use, tissue perfusion and heart rate (f(H)) in terrestrial animals, but the relationship between these physiological processes is less clear in diving animals. We found the mean heart rate of Steller sea lions trained to voluntarily dive to depths up to 40 m dropped by 40% while diving, and noted that mean bradycardia was 9% greater during shallow (10 m) compared to deep (40 m) dives. Longer dives resulted in lower heart rates, but only when they were shallow; on the other hand, minimum instantaneous f(H) decreased consistently with dive duration. In general, instantaneous f(H) did not reflect activity over short timescales. Our data suggest that our sea lions invoked a different dive response depending on whether they dove to shallow or deep depths. During shallow (10 m) dives only, the correlation between activity and f(H) was indicative of vascular compromise between diving and exercise. However, during deep dives (40 m), there was no such correlation, suggesting that locomotory activity was uncoupled from dive bradycardia, which was possibly mediated by an absence of blood flow to active muscle. For both diving scenarios, surface f(H) correlated with dive activity, suggesting that some underwater locomotory costs were deferred to the post-dive surface interval. Ultimately, our data support the speculation that Steller sea lion locomotory muscles become hypoxic during diving, regardless of dive depth. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.