A biochar-based medium in the biofiltration system: Removal efficiency, microorganism propagation, and the medium penetration modeling
A biochar-based medium in the biofiltration system: Removal efficiency, microorganism propagation, and the medium penetration modeling
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DOI：
10.1080/10962247.2016.1162227
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Svediene, Jurgita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baltrenas, Pranas;Baltrenaite, Edita;Svediene, Jurgita
生物过滤是一种生物处理方法，属于清洁技术，因为它不会产生二次空气污染物，但有助于将自然过程整合到微生物中，以分解挥发性空气污染物和解决气味问题。桦木生物炭已被选为生物滤床基质的主要材料。实验在24、28和32℃的温度下进行，丙酮、二甲苯和铵的浓度达到300 mg/m(3)，流速为100 m(3)/h。在进入生物滤池内填料的实验研究阶段之前，首先介绍了微生物。4株微生物(包括微真菌、杂色曲霉BF-4和草本枝孢霉7KA)以及酵母菌Exophiala sp.BF1和枯草芽孢杆菌B20)。当进水负荷为120g/m(3)/h时，接种介质的生物炭滤池对二甲苯的最大去除能力为103g/m(3)/h，对氨氮和丙酮的最大去除能力分别为102g/m(3)/h和97g/m(3)/h。最大去除效率分别达到86%、85%和81%。温度条件(虽然变化迅速)对生物过滤的生物效果(即微生物活性)几乎没有太大影响，但它会导致所研究化合物的物理性质(如溶解度)的变化。应用：桦木生物炭可以成功地用于接种微生物的繁殖、生物降解丙酮、二甲苯和氨的生物过滤系统中。在进水负荷为120g/m(3)/h时，二甲苯的最大消除能力为103g/m(3)/h，氨的最大消除能力为102g/m(3)/h，丙酮的最大消除能力为97g/m(3)/h。侵袭性空气污染物会影响生物炭的形态结构，引起介质比表面积的变化，这是控制生物滤池性能的因素之一。尽管生物过滤中的生物效应通常被认为比物理效应更重要，但对于亨利定律系数值较高的化合物，生物效应可能更重要，因此生物过滤器的设计应该为更好地吸收化合物提供条件。
Biofiltration is a method of biological treatment belonging to cleaner technologies because it does not produce secondary air pollutants, but helps to integrate natural processes in microorganisms for decomposing volatile air pollutants and solving odor problems. The birch wood biochar has been chosen as a principal material for biofilter bed medium. The experiments were conducted at the temperatures of 24, 28, and 32 degrees C, while the concentration of acetone, xylene, and ammonium reached 300 mg/m(3) and the flow rate was 100 m(3)/hr. Before passing through the stage of the experimental research into the packing material inside biofilters, microorganisms were introduced. Four strains of microorganisms (including micromycetes Aspergillus versicolor BF-4 and Cladosporium herbarum 7KA, as well as yeast Exophiala sp. BF1 and bacterium Bacillus subtilis B20) were selected. At the inlet loading rate of 120 g/m(3)/hr, the highest elimination capacity of xylene in the biochar-based biofilter with the inoculated medium was 103 g/m(3)/hr, whereas that of ammonia was 102 g/m(3)/hr and that of acetone was 97 g/m(3)/hr, respectively. The maximum removal efficiency reached 86%, 85%, and 81%, respectively. The temperature condition (though characterized by some rapid changes) can hardly have a considerable influence on the biological effect (i.e., microbiological activity) of biofiltration; however, it can cause the changes in physical properties (e.g., solubility) of the investigated compounds.Implications: The birch biochar can be successfully used in the biofiltration system for propagation of inoculated microorganisms, biodegrading acetone, xylene, and ammonia. At the inlet loading rate of 120 g/m(3)/hr, the highest elimination capacity of xylene was 103 g/m(3)/hr, that of ammonia was 102 g/m(3)/hr, and that of acetone was 97 g/m(3)/hr, respectively. The morphological structure of biochar can be affected by the aggressive air contaminants, causing the change in the medium specific surface area, which is one of the factors controlling the biofilter performance. Although biological effects in biofiltration are typically considered to be more important than physical effects, the former may be more important for compounds with high Henry's Law coefficient values, and the biofilter design should thus provide conditions for better compound absorption.