Correlates of vigorous exercise in a predominantly low SES and minority high school population.
Correlates of vigorous exercise in a predominantly low SES and minority high school population.
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DOI：
10.1006/pmed.1994.1044
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发表时间：
1994-05
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
J. Zakarian;M. Hovell;C. Hofstetter;J. Sallis;K. Keating
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Zakarian;M. Hovell;C. Hofstetter;J. Sallis;K. Keating
背景：这项研究确定了少数民族和低社会经济地位青少年中剧烈运动的相关因素。方法对9年级和11年级学生进行1634份关于剧烈运动及其可能影响因素的问卷调查。结果76%的学生每周参加3次或以上剧烈运动(2000年国家目标)，而只有55%的学生每周参加3次或3次以上的校外剧烈运动。相当少数的学生(20%)没有参加任何校外剧烈运动，11%的学生根本没有参加任何剧烈运动。无论是在学校体育课上还是在校外，男性和9年级学生都比女性和11年级学生参加了更多的剧烈运动。分别对男性(R=0.44，F(28,625)=5.27，P<；0.001)和女性(R=0.45，F(28,622)=5.56，P<；0.001)进行了28个自变量的分层多元回归分析。两组的相关因素相似，包括自我效能感、家庭和朋友支持。结论在少数族裔和社会经济地位较低的青少年中，剧烈运动的发生率随着年龄的增长或不要求学生参加学校体育而下降，社会因素可能是维持剧烈运动的重要因素。
BACKGROUND This study identifies correlates of vigorous exercise among minority and low-socioeconomic-status adolescents. METHODS Ninth and 11th grade students completed 1,634 questionnaires regarding vigorous exercise and possible correlates. RESULTS While 76% of students participated in vigorous exercise 3 or more times per week (the year 2000 goal for the nation), only 55% participated in vigorous exercise 3 or more times per week outside of school. A substantial minority of students (20%) did not participate in any vigorous exercise outside of school, and 11% did not participate in any vigorous exercise at all. Males and 9th graders participated in significantly more vigorous exercise than did females and 11th graders both in school physical education and outside of school. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses with 28 independent variables were computed separately for males (R = 0.44, F(28,625) = 5.27, P < 0.001) and females (R = 0.45, F(28,622) = 5.56, P < 0.001). Correlates were similar for both groups and included self-efficacy, family, and friend support. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that among minority and lower socioeconomic status adolescents the prevalence of vigorous exercise decreases with age or when students are not required to participate in school physical education and that social factors may be instrumental for sustaining vigorous exercise.