Differential Associations of Adversity Profiles with Adolescent Cognitive Control and Psychopathology.
Differential Associations of Adversity Profiles with Adolescent Cognitive Control and Psychopathology.
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逆境概况与青少年认知控制和精神病理学的差异关联。
DOI：
10.1007/s10802-022-00972-8
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Kim-Spoon,Jungmeen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brieant,Alexis;Clinchard,Claudia;Deater-Deckard,Kirby;Lee,Jacob;King-Casas,Brooks;Kim-Spoon,Jungmeen
不良的童年经历是常见的，对生物和心理社会调整具有长期影响。我们采用以人为中心的方法来描述青春期早期逆境的不同特征，并研究与后来的认知控制和精神病理学的关系。样本包括167名青少年（47%为女性）及其主要照顾者，他们在四个时间点（评估之间约一年）参与了纵向研究。在时间1（法师= 14岁），我们测量了七个逆境指标：社会经济劣势，虐待，忽视，家庭混乱，父母物质使用，父母抑郁和负面生活事件。在时间2-4，青少年的行为表现和功能激活在认知控制任务进行了测量。在时间5，青少年和他们的照顾者报告了青少年内化和外化的神经病学。使用潜在的配置文件分析，我们确定了四个不同的逆境亚组：低曝光组，忽视组，家庭不稳定组，和多逆境组。这些组在随后的精神病理学水平上有显著差异，但在认知控制方面没有差异。具体而言，多重逆境组报告了相对于低暴露组的显著更高水平的内化和外化神经病学，并且家庭不稳定组表现出外化神经病学的风险升高。当使用累积风险方法时，更高水平的逆境暴露与认知控制性能显着下降（但不是神经激活）相关。这些结果表明，精神病理学的结果可能是不同的预测模式的风险，和认知控制障碍可能更强烈地预测的累积风险。
Adverse childhood experiences are common and have long-term consequences for biological and psychosocial adjustment. We used a person-centered approach to characterize distinct profiles of adversity in early adolescence and examined associations with later cognitive control and psychopathology. The sample included 167 adolescents (47% female) and their primary caregivers who participated in a longitudinal study across four time points (approximately one year between assessments). At Time 1 (Mage = 14 years), we measured seven indicators of adversity: socioeconomic disadvantage, abuse, neglect, household chaos, parent substance use, parent depression, and negative life events. At Times 2–4, adolescents’ behavioral performance and functional activation during a cognitive control task were measured. At Time 5, adolescents and their caregiver reported on adolescent internalizing and externalizing symptomatology. Using latent profile analysis, we identified four distinct adversity subgroups: a low exposure group, a neglect group, a household instability group, and a poly-adversity group. These groups significantly differed on subsequent levels of psychopathology, but not cognitive control. Specifically, the poly-adversity group reported significantly higher levels of both internalizing and externalizing symptomatology relative to the low exposure group, and the household instability group demonstrated elevated risk for externalizing symptomatology. When using a cumulative risk approach, higher levels of adversity exposure were associated with significantly worse cognitive control performance (but not neural activation). These results suggest that psychopathology outcomes may be differentially predicted by distinct patterns of risk, and that cognitive control impairment may be more strongly predicted by cumulative risk.