New perspective on the haplosporidian parasites of molluscs
New perspective on the haplosporidian parasites of molluscs
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jip.2015.07.014
复制
发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Carnegie, Ryan B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arzul, Isabelle;Carnegie, Ryan B.
原生动物门单孢子虫由40多个已描述的物种组成，其代表感染一系列软体动物宿主，包括几种具有生态和经济意义的病原体。近年来，对单孢子虫多样性的持续探索增加了10个新种，并使该类群的系统发育得到了更清晰的关注，单系波纳米亚属和明尼苏亚族继续得到支持。然而，新的序列被添加到系统发育分析中，使得副孢子虫属单孢子虫的图像变得不那么清晰。目前还不清楚，即使是两个属也足以容纳目前被吸引到单孢子虫树的单孢子虫区的物种。本文综述了单孢子虫多样性和系统发育的最新研究结果，并对单孢子虫的生活史和环境影响的认识进行了综述，重点介绍了单孢子虫的重要病原菌--纳氏单孢子虫和平菇单孢子虫。此外，我们还考虑了Bonamia寄生虫“微细胞单孢子虫”生活方式的进化，并认为高密度牡蛎寄主种群在相对稳定的真盐海洋环境中的定居可能是有利于微细胞单孢子虫生命策略进化的一个重要发展。(C)2015 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
The protist phylum Haplosporidia comprises over 40 described species with representatives infecting a range of mollusc hosts, including several ecologically and economically significant pathogens. Continuing exploration of haplosporidian diversity has added ten new species in recent years and brought the phylogenetics of the group into somewhat clearer focus, with monophyletic Bonamia and Minchinia lineages continuing to be supported. However, the addition of new sequences to phylogenetic analyses has left the paraphyletic genus Haplosporidium's picture less resolved. It is not clear that even two genera will be enough to accommodate the species presently drawn to the Haplosporidium regions of the haplosporidian tree. In this review, we summarize recent findings in haplosporidian diversity and phylogenetics, and provide a synthesis of our understanding of the life cycles and environmental influences on haplosporidians, with particular emphasis on the important pathogens Haplosporidium nelsoni and Bonamia ostreae. Additionally, we consider the evolution of the "microcell haplosporidian" lifestyle of Bonamia parasites, and suggest that colonization of high-density oyster host populations in relatively stable euhaline marine environments may have been an important development favoring the evolution of the microcell haplosporidian life strategy. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.