Hypnosis and nonhypnotic techniques for reduction of pain and anxiety during painful procedures in children and adolescents with cancer.
Hypnosis and nonhypnotic techniques for reduction of pain and anxiety during painful procedures in children and adolescents with cancer.
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催眠和非催眠技术可减少患有癌症的儿童和青少年在痛苦的手术过程中的疼痛和焦虑。
DOI：
10.1016/s0022-3476(82)80040-1
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Lebaron
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Olmsted;L. Zeltzer;S. Lebaron
对27例儿童和青少年骨髓抽吸期间和22例儿童和青少年腰椎穿刺期间催眠与非催眠行为技术在减轻疼痛和焦虑方面的效果进行了比较。患者和独立观察员分别在干预前1至3次手术和干预后1至3次手术中对疼痛和焦虑进行评分（量表为1至5）。干预前，两组患者骨髓穿刺疼痛程度均高于腰椎穿刺疼痛程度（P<0.01）。在骨髓抽吸过程中，催眠能显著减轻疼痛（P<0.001），非催眠技术能显著减轻疼痛（P<0.01），单纯催眠能显著减轻焦虑（P<0.001）。仅腰椎穿刺时，催眠可显著减轻疼痛（P<0.001）；催眠能显著降低焦虑程度（P<0.001），非催眠技术能显著降低焦虑程度（P<0.05）。因此，催眠被证明比非催眠技术更有效地减少患有癌症的儿童和青少年的程序性痛苦。
Hypnosis was compared with nonhypnotic behavioral techniques for efficacy in reducting pain and anxiety in 27 children and adolescents during bone marrow aspiration and in 22 children and adolescents during lumbar puncture. The patients and independent observers each rated (scale of 1 to 5) pain and anxiety during one to three procedures prior to intervention and one to three procedures with intervention. Prior to intervention for both groups, pain during bone marrow aspiration was rated as more severe (P<0.01) than pain during lumbar puncture. During bone marrow aspiration pain was reduced to a large extent by hypnosis (P<0.001) and to a smaller but significant extent by nonhypnotic techniques (P<0.01), and anxiety was significantly reduced by hypnosis alone (P<0.001). During lumbar puncture only hypnosis significantly reduced pain (P<0.001); anxiety was reduced to a large degree by hypnosis (P<0.001) and to a smaller degree by nonhypnotic techniques (P<0.05). Thus hypnosis was shown to be more effective than nonhypnotic techniques for reducing procedural distress in children and adolescents with cancer.