Molecular phylogeny of osteoglossoids: A new model for gondwanian origin and plate tectonic transportation of the Asian arowana
Molecular phylogeny of osteoglossoids: A new model for gondwanian origin and plate tectonic transportation of the Asian arowana
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026288
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Nishida, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kumazawa, Y;Nishida, M
淡水动物地理学的一个传统谜团是生活在东南亚的台湾龙鱼（亚洲龙鱼）的进化起源，它是骨舌目鱼类中高度适应淡水的一种濒临灭绝的物种。散布论者假设它起源于最近（中新世或更晚）形态非常相似的澳大拉西亚龙鱼跨越华莱士线的跨海洋散布，但由于它们对淡水的显著适应，这一假设受到了质疑。我们确定了来自12种骨舌动物（包括骨舌动物亚目的所有成员）的两个线粒体蛋白基因的完整核苷酸序列，构建了强大的分子系统发育，并估计了分化时间。与先前基于形态学的系统发育研究一致，我们的分子系统发育表明，骨舌鱼形式是从硬骨动物谱系的基础位置分化出来的，异鳍龙鱼（尼罗河龙鱼和pirarucu）形成了骨舌鱼（南美洲、大洋洲和东南亚的龙鱼）的姐妹类群，亚洲龙鱼与澳大利亚龙鱼的关系比与南美龙鱼的关系更密切。然而，亚洲和澳大拉西亚龙鱼之间的分子距离比它们被归为同一属的事实要大得多。通过使用硬骨鱼类的分子钟，对其在相当深的分化上的良好表现进行测试，并使用一些合理的假设进行校准，亚洲和澳大利亚龙鱼之间的分化可以追溯到白垩纪早期。基于分子和地质证据，我们提出了亚洲龙鱼从冈瓦纳大陆东部边缘的澳大拉西亚龙鱼中分离出来，并通过印度次大陆或更小的大陆块迁移到欧亚大陆的新模型。这项研究还暗示了中生代骨舌状化石记录的相对长期缺失。
One of the traditional enigmas in freshwater zoogeography has been the evolutionary origin of Scleropages formosus inhabiting Southeast Asia (the Asian arowana), which is a species threatened with extinction among the highly freshwater-adapted fishes from the order Osteoglossiformes. Dispersalists have hypothesized that it originated from the recent (the Miocene or later) transmarine dispersal of morphologically quite similar Australasian arowanas across Wallace's Line, but this hypothesis has been questioned due to their remarkable adaptation to freshwater. We determined the complete nucleotide sequences of two mitochondrial protein genes from 12 osteoglossiform species, including all members of the suborder Osteoglossoidei, with which robust molecular phylogeny was constructed and divergence times were estimated. In agreement with previous morphology-based phylogenetic studies, our molecular phylogeny suggested that the osteoglossiforms diverged from a basal position of the teleostean lineage, that heterotidines (the Nile arowana and the pirarucu) form a sister group of osteoglossines (arowanas in South America, Australasia, and Southeast Asia), and that the Asian arowana is more closely related to Australasian arowanas than to South American ones. However, molecular distances between the Asian and Australasian arowanas were much larger than expected from the fact that they are classified within the same genus. By using the molecular clock of bony fishes, tested for its good performance for rather deep divergences and calibrated using some reasonable assumptions, the divergence between the Asian and Australasian arowanas was estimated to date back to the early Cretaceous. Based on the molecular and geological evidence, we propose a new model whereby the Asian arowana vicariantly diverged from the Australasian arowanas in the eastern margin of Gondwanaland and migrated into Eurasia on the Indian subcontinent or smaller continental blocks. This study also implicates the relatively long absence of osteoglossiform fossil records from the Mesozoic.