Contributions of renal water loss and skin water conservation to blood pressure elevation in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Contributions of renal water loss and skin water conservation to blood pressure elevation in spontaneously hypertensive rats
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肾失水和皮肤保水对自发性高血压大鼠血压升高的影响
DOI：
10.1038/s41440-022-01044-6
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Nishiyama Akira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ogura Takahiro;Kitada Kento;Morisawa Norihiko;Fujisawa Yoshihide;Kidoguchi Satoshi;Nakano Daisuke;Kobara Hideki;Masaki Tsutomu;Titze Jens;Nishiyama Akira
我们最近报道，皮肤血管收缩以抑制经皮水分丢失(TEWL)导致肾损伤模型大鼠的高血压，并伴有尿液浓缩能力受损。本研究从肾脏失水和皮肤保水的角度探讨自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)高血压的发病机制。我们比较了SHR和正常血压Wistar-京都大鼠(WKYS)的尿液浓缩能力、体内钠水平衡、血压和TEWL。SHR组的尿量显著高于WKYS组，尿渗透压显著低于WKYS组，而水摄入量、尿渗透压排泄量和血浆渗透压在两组间无显著差异。与WKYS相比，SHR的血压、皮肤钠含量显著升高，TEWL显著降低。体温升高引起的皮肤血管扩张增加了SHR和WKY的TEWL，显著降低了SHR的血压，但WKY没有。这些发现表明，生理适应可以减少SHR的真皮失水，以补偿肾脏失水。成功保存皮肤水分所需的血管收缩可以解释自发性高血压。肾脏浓缩能力和皮肤屏障保水功能可能成为高血压治疗的新靶点。
We recently reported that skin vasoconstriction to suppress transepidermal water loss (TEWL) leads to hypertension in renal injury model rats with impaired urine concentration ability. In this study, we investigated the pathogenesis of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) from the perspective of renal water loss and skin water conservation. We compared the urinary concentration ability, body sodium and water balance, blood pressure, and TEWL in SHRs and control normotensive Wistar–Kyoto rats (WKYs). SHRs showed significantly higher urine volume and lower urinary osmolality than those of WKYs, while there were no significant differences in water intake, urinary osmolyte excretion, and plasma osmolarity between the groups. SHRs exhibited significantly higher blood pressure, skin sodium content, and lower TEWL compared with those is WKYs. Skin vasodilation, induced by elevating body temperature, increased TEWL in both SHRs and WKYs, and significantly reduced blood pressure in SHRs but not WKYs. These findings suggest that physiological adaptation can reduce dermal water loss in SHRs to compensate for renal water loss. Vasoconstriction required for successful cutaneous water conservation explains SHR hypertension. Renal concentration ability and skin barrier function for water conservation may become a novel therapeutic target for essential hypertension.
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