The global distribution of water vapor in the middle atmosphere of Venus
The global distribution of water vapor in the middle atmosphere of Venus
复制标题
金星中层大气中水蒸气的全球分布
DOI：
10.1016/0019-1035(82)90112-9
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
D. Mccleese
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Schofield;F. Taylor;D. Mccleese
本文给出了金星云层内和云层上方水汽的平均、太阳固定的水平和垂直分布。这是根据先锋金星使命的轨道器红外辐射计仪器在45微米水汽旋转带进行的远红外测量，以及根据同一仪器在五个光谱通道中从温度探测中反演的平均太阳固定温度场和云结构得出的。讨论了水汽反演方案、水汽传输函数的计算及其实验验证。还考虑了结果对测量误差和云微物理特性的敏感性。在赤道纬度，下午早些时候，11.5 μm处云单位光学厚度以上的平均水汽柱丰度最大，达到50 ± 20可降水微米（100 ppm），而在行星的夜面则下降到小于3 ± 2可降水微米（6 ppm）。夜侧混合比随高度单调下降，而日侧混合比在云单元光学厚度附近常随高度增加。这些结果与早期地球测量的结果大致一致。
The mean, solar-fixed horizontal and vertical distribution of water vapor in and above the Venusian cloud layer is presented. This is derived from far-infrared measurements made by the Orbiter Infrared Radiometer (OIR) instrument of the Pioneer Venus mission in the rotation band of water vapor at 45 μm, and from the mean solar-fixed temperature field and cloud structure retrieved from temperature soundings by the same instrument in five spectral channels. The water vapor retrieval scheme is discussed together with the calculation of water vapor transmission functions and their experimental verification. The sensitivity of the results to measurement errors and cloud microphysical properties is also considered. Mean water vapor column abundances above cloud unit optical depth at 11.5 μm are found to be greatest at equatorial latitudes in the early afternoon, reaching 50 ± 20 precipitable microns (100 ppm), and fall to less than 3 ± 2 precipitable microns (6 ppm) on the nightside of the planet. On the nightside mixing ratios fall monotonically with altitude, whereas dayside mixing ratios frequently increase with altitude near cloud unit optical depth. These results are broadly consistent with those of earlier Earth-based measurements.