THE CASE-CROSSOVER DESIGN - A METHOD FOR STUDYING TRANSIENT EFFECTS ON THE RISK OF ACUTE EVENTS
THE CASE-CROSSOVER DESIGN - A METHOD FOR STUDYING TRANSIENT EFFECTS ON THE RISK OF ACUTE EVENTS
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115853
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发表时间：
1991-01-15
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
MACLURE, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MACLURE, M
当短暂暴露导致罕见急性发作疾病风险的短暂变化时，可使用仅涉及病例的病例对照设计。 该设计类似于回顾性非随机交叉研究，但不同之处在于仅具有基础人群-时间样本。 使用Mantel-Haenszel估计量可估计暴露后假设效应期的平均发生率比值。 效应期的持续时间被假定为使速率比估计值最大化的持续时间。 案例的自我匹配消除了控制选择偏差的威胁，提高了效率。 一项心肌梗死发病研究的先导性数据说明了由于暴露的时间相关性而对个体内混杂的控制。
A case-control design involving only cases may be used when brief exposure causes a transient change in risk of a rare acute-onset disease. The design resembles a retrospective nonrandomized crossover study but differs in having only a sample of the base population-time. The average incidence rate ratio for a hypothesized effect period following the exposure is estimable using the Mantel-Haenszel estimator. The duration of the effect period is assumed to be that which maximizes the rate ratio estimate. Self-matching of cases eliminates the threat of control-selection bias and increases efficiency. Pilot data from a study of myocardial infarction onset illustrate the control of within-individual confounding due to temporal association of exposures.