Repairing breaks in the plant genome: the importance of keeping it together.
Repairing breaks in the plant genome: the importance of keeping it together.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03926.x
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发表时间：
2011-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Waterworth;G. Drury;C. M. Bray;C. E. West
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Waterworth;G. Drury;C. M. Bray;C. E. West
DNA损伤威胁到基因组的完整性，并对生物体产生潜在的致命后果。植物DNA不断受到内源和环境因素的攻击，有效地检测和修复DNA损伤是确保基因组稳定的关键。DNA损伤最具细胞毒性的形式之一是DNA双链断裂(DSB)，它会使染色体碎裂。不修复DSB会导致大量遗传信息的丢失，这些信息在细胞分裂后会严重损害接受染色体碎片的子细胞。本文综述了植物对染色体断裂反应的最新研究进展，包括DNA损伤的来源、DSB的检测和信号传递、DSB修复的机制、染色质结构在修复中的作用、DNA损伤信号以及植物重组途径与转基因整合之间的联系。这些机制对于维持植物基因组在逆境条件下的稳定性和完整性至关重要，并为提高作物的抗逆性和提高遗传改良品种的精确度提供了潜在的目标。
DNA damage threatens the integrity of the genome and has potentially lethal consequences for the organism. Plant DNA is under continuous assault from endogenous and environmental factors and effective detection and repair of DNA damage are essential to ensure the stability of the genome. One of the most cytotoxic forms of DNA damage are DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) which fragment chromosomes. Failure to repair DSBs results in loss of large amounts of genetic information which, following cell division, severely compromises daughter cells that receive fragmented chromosomes. This review will survey recent advances in our understanding of plant responses to chromosomal breaks, including the sources of DNA damage, the detection and signalling of DSBs, mechanisms of DSB repair, the role of chromatin structure in repair, DNA damage signalling and the link between plant recombination pathways and transgene integration. These mechanisms are of critical importance for maintenance of plant genome stability and integrity under stress conditions and provide potential targets for the improvement of crop plants both for stress resistance and for increased precision in the generation of genetically improved varieties.